Effect of Glycemic Index of Breakfast on Energy Intake at Subsequent Meal among Healthy People: A Meta-Analysis
1
Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
2
School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 2001, China
3
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
4
Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Science of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2016, 8(1), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8010037
Received: 14 November 2015 / Revised: 9 December 2015 / Accepted: 18 December 2015 / Published: 4 January 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Appetite)
Meals with low glycemic index (GI) may suppress short-term appetite and reduce subsequent food intake compared with high-GI meals. However, no meta-analysis has been conducted to synthesize the evidence. This meta-analytic study was conducted to assess the effect of high- and low-GI breakfast on subsequent short-term food intake. Trials were identified through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, and manual searches of bibliographies until May 2015. Randomized controlled and cross-over trials comparing the effect of low- with high-GI breakfast on subsequent energy intake among healthy people were included. Nine studies consisting of 11 trials met the inclusion criteria. Only one trial was classified with high methodological quality. A total of 183 participants were involved in the trials. The meta-analytic results revealed no difference in breakfast GI (high-GI vs. low-GI) on subsequent short-term energy intake. In conclusion, it seems that breakfast GI has no effect on short-term energy intake among healthy people. However, high quality studies are still warranted to provide more concrete evidence.
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Keywords:
low glycemic index; appetite; meta-analysis
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MDPI and ACS Style
Sun, F.-H.; Li, C.; Zhang, Y.-J.; Wong, S.H.-S.; Wang, L. Effect of Glycemic Index of Breakfast on Energy Intake at Subsequent Meal among Healthy People: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2016, 8, 37.
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