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Nutrients
Volume 17
Issue 5
10.3390/nu17050894
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Article

Impact of Alcohol Intake on Skeletal Muscle: A Large Cross-Sectional Analysis in Japanese Adults

by
Masahiro Matsui
1,
Akira Fukuda
2,
Saori Onishi
1,
Kosuke Ushiro
1,
Tomohiro Nishikawa
1,
Akira Asai
1,
Soo Ki Kim
3 and
Hiroki Nishikawa
1,*
1
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
2
Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Health Science Clinic, Takatsuki 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
3
Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-8501, Hyogo, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2025, 17(5), 894; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050894
Submission received: 5 February 2025 / Revised: 1 March 2025 / Accepted: 2 March 2025 / Published: 3 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol Consumption and Human Health)
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Abstract

Aims: To clarify the impact of alcohol intake on skeletal muscle mass (SMM) using data from Japanese health checkup recipients (8405 males and 11,509 females). The fat-free (FF) index was regarded as the FF mass divided by height squared (kg/m2). Methods: The subjects were classified into four groups (type A (never drinker), B (chance or mild drinker), C (moderate drinker), and D (severe drinker)) according to the amount of alcohol consumed. Results: The average age in males and females was 52.2 and 50.1 years, respectively (p < 0.0001). The average FF index in males and females was 18.5 and 15.1 kg/m2, respectively (p < 0.0001). The proportion of subjects of type A, B, C, and D was 36.5%, 44.2%, 5.9%, and 13.4%, respectively, in males, and 59.8%, 31.3%, 3.7%, and 5.1%, respectively, in females (p < 0.0001). The average FF index in type A, B, C, and D males was 18.43, 18.62, 18.12, and 18.16 kg/m2, respectively (overall p < 0.0001). The average FF index in type A, B, C, and D females was 15.17, 15.14, 15.15, and 14.78 kg/m2, respectively (overall p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Habitual heavy drinking has a negative effect on SMM. However, from the standpoint of maintaining SMM, it is not necessary to completely abstain from alcohol.
Keywords: alcohol; heavy drinking; skeletal muscle; fat mass; large clinical study alcohol; heavy drinking; skeletal muscle; fat mass; large clinical study

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MDPI and ACS Style

Matsui, M.; Fukuda, A.; Onishi, S.; Ushiro, K.; Nishikawa, T.; Asai, A.; Kim, S.K.; Nishikawa, H. Impact of Alcohol Intake on Skeletal Muscle: A Large Cross-Sectional Analysis in Japanese Adults. Nutrients 2025, 17, 894. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050894

AMA Style

Matsui M, Fukuda A, Onishi S, Ushiro K, Nishikawa T, Asai A, Kim SK, Nishikawa H. Impact of Alcohol Intake on Skeletal Muscle: A Large Cross-Sectional Analysis in Japanese Adults. Nutrients. 2025; 17(5):894. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050894

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matsui, Masahiro, Akira Fukuda, Saori Onishi, Kosuke Ushiro, Tomohiro Nishikawa, Akira Asai, Soo Ki Kim, and Hiroki Nishikawa. 2025. "Impact of Alcohol Intake on Skeletal Muscle: A Large Cross-Sectional Analysis in Japanese Adults" Nutrients 17, no. 5: 894. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050894

APA Style

Matsui, M., Fukuda, A., Onishi, S., Ushiro, K., Nishikawa, T., Asai, A., Kim, S. K., & Nishikawa, H. (2025). Impact of Alcohol Intake on Skeletal Muscle: A Large Cross-Sectional Analysis in Japanese Adults. Nutrients, 17(5), 894. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050894

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