Leucine Intake and Sarcopenia Indicators of an Elderly Group from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile, Who Participated in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Setting and Sampling
2.2. Sarcopenia and Muscle Parameters of the Elderly
- (i)
- Hand grip strength (HGS):
- (ii)
- Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (SMI):
2.3. Assessment of Dietary and Leucine Intake in the Elderly
2.4. Statistical Methods
2.5. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Evaluated Parameters | Total (n = 181) |
---|---|
Median (25th–75th) | |
Age (years) | 75 (72, 80) |
Leucine total daily intake | 2.2 (1.6, 2.90) |
% < RDD (3 g/day) a | 78.5 |
Anthropometric, muscle strength and physical performance indicators | Median (25th–75th) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.3 (24.9, 29.6) |
HGS (kg) | 20.0 (16.0, 24.0) |
SMM (kg) b | 14.8 (13.2, 16.5) |
SMI (kg/m2) b | 6.1 (5.6, 6.9) |
Sarcopenia indicators | % |
HGS (<27 kg for men; <15 kg for women) b | 26.5 |
SMI (<7.45 kg/m2 for men; <5.88 kg/m2 for women) b | 48.1 |
Evaluated Parameters | Females (n = 144) | Males (n = 37) | p-Value * |
---|---|---|---|
Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | ||
Age (years) | 75 (72, 80) | 76 (72.0, 79.5) | 0.76 |
Leucine total daily intake | 2.2 (1.6, 2.9) | 2.2 (1.7, 2.9) | 0.62 |
% < RDD (3 g/day) a | 79.2 | 75.7 | 0.64 ** |
Anthropometric, muscle strength, and physical performance indicators | Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | p-value * |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.3 (25.1, 30.2) | 26.9 (24.2, 28.9) | 0.25 |
HGS (kg) | 18.0 (16.0, 21.0) | 27.0 (22.0, 31.5) | 0.01 |
SMM (kg) b | 13.9 (12.9, 15.3) | 19.7 (18.4, 21.7) | 0.01 |
SMI (kg/m2) b | 6.0 (5.6, 6.4) | 7.3 (7.0, 7.7) | 0.01 |
Sarcopenia indicators | % | % | p-value ** |
HGS (<27 kg for men; <15 kg for women) b | 28.8 | 48.6 | 0.01 |
SMI (<7.45 kg/m2 for men; <5.88 kg/m2 for women) b | 44.4 | 62.2 | 0.05 |
Evaluated Parameters | 60–75 Years (n = 78) | >75 Years (n = 103) | p-Value * |
---|---|---|---|
Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | ||
Leucine total daily intake | 1.9 (1.6, 2.4) | 2.5 (1.7, 3.1) | 0.01 |
% < RDD (3 g/day) a | 85.9 | 72.8 | 0.03 ** |
Anthropometric, muscle strength, and physical performance indicators | Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | p-value * |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.33 (25.5, 30.8) | 26.8 (24.3, 28.8) | 0.02 |
HGS (kg) | 20.0 (16.0, 24.1) | 18.0 (16.0, 22.0) | 0.07 |
SMM (kg) b | 15.5 (13.8, 16.6) | 14.0 (13.0, 16.2) | 0.01 |
SMI (kg/m2) b | 6.3 (5.9, 6.9) | 6.0 (5.6, 6.8) | 0.03 |
Sarcopenia indicators | % | % | p-Value ** |
HGS (<27 kg for men; <15 kg for women) b | 20.5 | 31.1 | 0.11 |
SMI (<7.45 kg/m2 for men; <5.88 kg/m2 for women) b | 35.9 | 57.3 | 0.01 |
Evaluated Parameters | Leucine Intake <RDD a (n = 142) | Leucine Intake ≥RDD a (n = 39) | p-Value * |
---|---|---|---|
Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | ||
Age (years) | 75.0 (72.0, 79.0) | 77.0 (74.0, 81.0) | 0.03 |
Leucine total daily intake | 1.9 (1.5, 2.4) | 3.6 (3.2, 4.2) | 0.01 ** |
Anthropometric, muscle strength, and physical performance indicators | Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | p-value * |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 (24.6, 29.8) | 27.4 (25.4, 29.2) | 0.70 |
HGS (kg) | 20.0 (16.0, 23.3) | 18.0 (16.0, 24.0) | 0.82 |
SMM (kg) b | 14. (13.22, 16.5) | 14.1 (13.3, 17.1) | 0.81 |
SMI (kg/m2) b | 6.2 (5.6, 6.9) | 6.0 (5.6, 6.9) | 0.78 |
Sarcopenia indicators | % | % | p-value ** |
HGS (<27 kg for men; <15 kg for women) b | 26.1 | 28.2 | 0.79 |
SMI (<7.45 kg/m2 for men; <5.88 kg/m2 for women) b | 49.3 | 43.6 | 0.53 |
Evaluated Parameters | Consumes (n = 116) | Does Not Consume (n = 65) | p-Value * |
---|---|---|---|
Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | ||
Age (years) | 75 (72, 80) | 75 (72, 80) | 0.84 |
Leucine total daily intake | 2.2 (1.7, 2.8) | 2.1 (1.6, 3.0) | 0.84 |
% ≥ RDD (3 g/day) a | 19.8 | 24.6 | 0.45 ** |
Anthropometric, muscle strength, and physical performance indicators | Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | p-value * |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 (25.1, 29.7) | 27.3 (24.4, 29.8) | 0.48 |
HGS (kg) | 18.0 (16.0, 22.8) | 20.0 (16.5, 24.0) | 0.12 |
SSM (kg) | 14.9 (13.2, 16.5) | 14.6 (13.2, 16.6) | 0.82 |
SMI (kg/m2) | 6.2 (5.6, 6.8) | 6.1 (5.6, 6.9) | 0.71 |
Sarcopenia indicators | % | % | p-value ** |
HGS (<27 kg for men; <15 kg for women) | 30.2 | 20.0 | 0.14 |
SMI (<7.45 kg/m2 for men; <5.88 kg/m2 for women) | 47.4 | 49.2 | 0.82 |
Evaluated Parameters | Powdered Soup | p-Value * | Powdered Dairy Drink | p-Value * | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consumes (n = 25) | Does Not Consume (n = 156) | Consumes (n = 91) | Does Not Consume (n = 90) | |||
Median (25th–75th) | Median (25th–75th) | |||||
Age (years) | 76 (72, 80) | 75 (72, 80) | 0.80 | 75.0 (72.0, 80.0) | 75.0 (72.0, 79.3) | 0.31 |
Leucine total daily intake | 2.4 (1.9, 3.1) | 2.2 (1.6, 2.8) | 0.09 | 2.2 (1.8, 2.8) | 2.1 (1.6, 3.0) | 0.28 |
% ≥ RDD (3 g/day) a | 29.2 | 20.4 | 0.33** | 19.8 | 23.3 | 0.56 ** |
Anthropometric, muscle strength, and physical performance indicators | Median (25th–75th) | p-value * | Median (25th–75th) | p-value * | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 (24.7, 29.7) | 26.9 (24.9, 29.6) | 0.60 | 27.2 (25.1, 29.6) | 27.3 (24.6, 30.1) | 0.77 |
HGS (kg) | 18.0 (16.0, 24.3) | 20.0 (16.0, 24.0) | 0.56 | 19.0 (15.0, 24.0) | 20.0 (16.0, 24.0) | 0.24 |
SMM (kg) b | 14.2 (13.1, 16.1) | 14.9 (13.2, 16.6) | 0.54 | 14.7 (13.2, 17.1) | 14.8 (13.3, 15.9) | 0.52 |
SMI (kg/m2) b | 6.1 (5.8, 6.9) | 6.2 (5.6, 6.9) | 0.89 | 6.2 (5.6, 7.0) | 6.1 (5.6, 6.6) | 0.41 |
Sarcopenia indicators | % | p-value ** | % | p-value * | ||
HGS (<27 kg for men; <15 kg for women) b | 29.2 | 26.1 | 0.75 | 35.2 | 17.8 | 0.01 |
SMI (<7.45 kg/m2 for men; <5.88 kg/m2 for women) b | 37.5 | 49.7 | 0.27 | 51.6 | 44.4 | 0.33 |
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Bustos-Arriagada, E.; Arazo-Rusindo, M.C.; Rivera-Andrades, G.; Pérez-Bravo, F.; Castillo-Valenzuela, O.; Barros-Velázquez, J.; Mariotti-Celis, M.S. Leucine Intake and Sarcopenia Indicators of an Elderly Group from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile, Who Participated in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM). Nutrients 2024, 16, 3540. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203540
Bustos-Arriagada E, Arazo-Rusindo MC, Rivera-Andrades G, Pérez-Bravo F, Castillo-Valenzuela O, Barros-Velázquez J, Mariotti-Celis MS. Leucine Intake and Sarcopenia Indicators of an Elderly Group from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile, Who Participated in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM). Nutrients. 2024; 16(20):3540. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203540
Chicago/Turabian StyleBustos-Arriagada, Edson, Migdalia Caridad Arazo-Rusindo, Gonzalo Rivera-Andrades, Francisco Pérez-Bravo, Oscar Castillo-Valenzuela, Jorge Barros-Velázquez, and María Salomé Mariotti-Celis. 2024. "Leucine Intake and Sarcopenia Indicators of an Elderly Group from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile, Who Participated in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM)" Nutrients 16, no. 20: 3540. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203540
APA StyleBustos-Arriagada, E., Arazo-Rusindo, M. C., Rivera-Andrades, G., Pérez-Bravo, F., Castillo-Valenzuela, O., Barros-Velázquez, J., & Mariotti-Celis, M. S. (2024). Leucine Intake and Sarcopenia Indicators of an Elderly Group from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile, Who Participated in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM). Nutrients, 16(20), 3540. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203540