Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age

Hinojosa-Nogueira, Daniel; Romero-Molina, Desirée; González-Alzaga, Beatriz; Giménez-Asensio, María José; Hernandez, Antonio F.; Navajas-Porras, Beatriz; Delgado-Osorio, Adriana; Gomez-Martin, Antonio; Pérez-Burillo, Sergio; Pastoriza de la Cueva, Silvia; Lacasaña, Marina; Rufián-Henares, José Ángel

doi:10.3390/nu16183096

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age

by

Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira

^1,2,†

,

Desirée Romero-Molina

^2,3,†

,

Beatriz González-Alzaga

^2,4,5,

María José Giménez-Asensio

²,

Antonio F. Hernandez

^2,5,6

,

Beatriz Navajas-Porras

^1,2

,

Adriana Delgado-Osorio

^1,2

,

Antonio Gomez-Martin

^2,4

,

Sergio Pérez-Burillo

⁷

,

Silvia Pastoriza de la Cueva

¹,

Marina Lacasaña

^2,4,5,*,‡ and

José Ángel Rufián-Henares

^1,2,*,‡

¹

Biomedical Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

²

Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain

³

Statistics and Operations Research Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

⁴

Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain

⁵

CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain

⁶

Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain

⁷

Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

^‡

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Nutrients 2024, 16(18), 3096; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183096

Submission received: 13 August 2024 / Revised: 6 September 2024 / Accepted: 11 September 2024 / Published: 13 September 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Nutrition on Maternal Health, Fetal Development and Perinatal Outcomes)

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Abstract

During pregnancy, controlling nutrition is crucial for the health of both mother and foetus. While polyphenols have positive health effects, some studies show harmful outcomes during pregnancy. This study evaluated polyphenol intake in a cohort of mother–child pairs and examined its effects on foetal anthropometric parameters. Polyphenol intake was assessed using food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and 24-h dietary recalls, and analysed with the Phenol-Explorer database. Gestational age and birth measurements were retrieved from medical records. Statistical analyses validated dietary records and assessed polyphenol impact using multivariate generalised linear models. The study found that mean gestational age was 39.6 weeks, with a mean birth weight of 3.33 kg. Mean total polyphenol intake by FFQ was 2231 mg/day, slightly higher than 24-h recall data. Flavonoids and phenolic acids constituted 52% and 37% of intake, respectively, with fruits and legumes as primary sources. This study highlights the use of FFQs to estimate polyphenol intake. Furthermore, the study found associations between polyphenol consumption and anthropometric parameters at birth, with the effects varying depending on the type of polyphenol. However, a more precise evaluation of individual polyphenol intake is necessary to determine whether the effects they produce during pregnancy may be harmful or beneficial for foetal growth.

Keywords: foetal anthropometry; polyphenols; pregnant women; 24-h dietary recalls; food frequency questionnaire

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hinojosa-Nogueira, D.; Romero-Molina, D.; González-Alzaga, B.; Giménez-Asensio, M.J.; Hernandez, A.F.; Navajas-Porras, B.; Delgado-Osorio, A.; Gomez-Martin, A.; Pérez-Burillo, S.; Pastoriza de la Cueva, S.; et al. Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age. Nutrients 2024, 16, 3096. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183096

AMA Style

Hinojosa-Nogueira D, Romero-Molina D, González-Alzaga B, Giménez-Asensio MJ, Hernandez AF, Navajas-Porras B, Delgado-Osorio A, Gomez-Martin A, Pérez-Burillo S, Pastoriza de la Cueva S, et al. Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age. Nutrients. 2024; 16(18):3096. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183096

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hinojosa-Nogueira, Daniel, Desirée Romero-Molina, Beatriz González-Alzaga, María José Giménez-Asensio, Antonio F. Hernandez, Beatriz Navajas-Porras, Adriana Delgado-Osorio, Antonio Gomez-Martin, Sergio Pérez-Burillo, Silvia Pastoriza de la Cueva, and et al. 2024. "Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age" Nutrients 16, no. 18: 3096. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183096

APA Style

Hinojosa-Nogueira, D., Romero-Molina, D., González-Alzaga, B., Giménez-Asensio, M. J., Hernandez, A. F., Navajas-Porras, B., Delgado-Osorio, A., Gomez-Martin, A., Pérez-Burillo, S., Pastoriza de la Cueva, S., Lacasaña, M., & Rufián-Henares, J. Á. (2024). Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age. Nutrients, 16(18), 3096. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183096

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Evaluation of Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women from South-Eastern Spain and the Effect on Anthropometric Measures at Birth and Gestational Age

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