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Volume 16
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10.3390/nu16152529
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Article

Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study

by
Rafael L. Carvalho
1,
Tábatta R. P. Brito
2,
Jônatas B. Amaral
3,
Fernanda R. Monteiro
4,
Daniela B. Lima
2,
Thalles A. M. Pereira
2,
Beatriz F. da Costa
5,
Guilherme E. Furtado
6,7,8,
Pamella M. M. Rodrigues
9,
Carlos A. F. dos Santos
10,11,
André L. L. Bachi
4,* and
Adriana de Oliveira Sarmento
1
1
Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University, Technological Innovation Park, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
2
Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
3
ENT Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
4
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil
5
Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Interlagos, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil
6
Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal
7
SPRINT—Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal
8
Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
9
Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São Paulo 12245-520, SP, Brazil
10
Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
11
Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04020-050, SP, Brazil
 
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(15), 2529; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152529
Submission received: 23 June 2024 / Revised: 29 July 2024 / Accepted: 30 July 2024 / Published: 2 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Effects of Exercise, Nutrition, and Supplementation on Aging and Health)
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Abstract

Both cardiometabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases pose a significant challenge to global public health, particularly among older adults. Here, we investigated the interplay between systemic inflammatory status and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) in older men with adequate weight or obesity. In this observational cross-sectional study, older men (71.79 ± 7.35 years) were separated into groups with normal weight (NW, n = 34) and obesity (O, n = 32) to assess circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and CMI. Overall, the O group showed not only a higher inflammatory status but also increased CMI (p < 0.0001) compared with the NW group. Interestingly, only positive correlations were found between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in both groups. Through multivariate regression analysis, IL-6 (β = −0.2276, p = 0.0003) and IL-10 (β = 0.2023, p = 0.0030) significantly influenced CMI in the NW group. No significant results were found in the O group. Our findings reinforce the effects of obesity in inflammaging, as well as suggesting that the influence of cytokines in CMI occurs in older men with normal weight, since the elevated pro-inflammatory profile observed in older men with obesity can interfere in this effect.
Keywords: inflammation; aging; obesity; inflammaging; metaflammation; cardiometabolic index; IL-10; inflammatory cytokine inflammation; aging; obesity; inflammaging; metaflammation; cardiometabolic index; IL-10; inflammatory cytokine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Carvalho, R.L.; Brito, T.R.P.; Amaral, J.B.; Monteiro, F.R.; Lima, D.B.; Pereira, T.A.M.; da Costa, B.F.; Furtado, G.E.; Rodrigues, P.M.M.; dos Santos, C.A.F.; et al. Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152529

AMA Style

Carvalho RL, Brito TRP, Amaral JB, Monteiro FR, Lima DB, Pereira TAM, da Costa BF, Furtado GE, Rodrigues PMM, dos Santos CAF, et al. Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2024; 16(15):2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152529

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carvalho, Rafael L., Tábatta R. P. Brito, Jônatas B. Amaral, Fernanda R. Monteiro, Daniela B. Lima, Thalles A. M. Pereira, Beatriz F. da Costa, Guilherme E. Furtado, Pamella M. M. Rodrigues, Carlos A. F. dos Santos, and et al. 2024. "Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study" Nutrients 16, no. 15: 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152529

APA Style

Carvalho, R. L., Brito, T. R. P., Amaral, J. B., Monteiro, F. R., Lima, D. B., Pereira, T. A. M., da Costa, B. F., Furtado, G. E., Rodrigues, P. M. M., dos Santos, C. A. F., Bachi, A. L. L., & Sarmento, A. d. O. (2024). Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study. Nutrients, 16(15), 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152529

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