How to Measure Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in Dental Studies: Is a Short Adherence Screener Enough? A Comparative Analysis

Bartha, Valentin; Exner, Lea; Meyer, Anna-Lisa; Basrai, Maryam; Schweikert, Daniela; Adolph, Michael; Bruckner, Thomas; Meller, Christian; Woelber, Johan Peter; Wolff, Diana

doi:10.3390/nu14061300

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Correction published on 28 April 2022, see Nutrients 2022, 14(9), 1845.

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How to Measure Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in Dental Studies: Is a Short Adherence Screener Enough? A Comparative Analysis

^1,2,*,

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³,

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²,

^6,†

and

Diana Wolff

^1,†

Department for Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Department for Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstraße 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany

Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany

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Department of Nutrition Management and Nutrition Support Team, University Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße, 72076 Tübingen, Germany

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Institute of Medical Biometry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Academic Editor: Antoni Pons

Nutrients 2022, 14(6), 1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061300

Received: 13 February 2022 / Revised: 4 March 2022 / Accepted: 16 March 2022 / Published: 19 March 2022 / Corrected: 28 April 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Human Oral Health)

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) in a study investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of a 6-week Mediterranean diet intervention on periodontal parameters. Data from a randomized clinical trial were analyzed for correlations between the MEDAS score and oral inflammatory parameters (bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA)) and select nutrient intakes estimated by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 24-h dietary recall (24dr). A mixed model, calculations of Spearman ρ, Lin’s Concordance Coefficient (CC), and Mann–Whitney U test were used for the statistical analyses. The MEDAS score was significantly negatively correlated with periodontal inflammation (BOP: CoE −0.391, p < 0.001; GI −0.407, p < 0.001; PISA −0.348, p = 0.001) and positively correlated with poly unsaturated fatty acids/total fat, vitamin C, and fiber intake estimates obtained from the FFQ and 24dr (ρ 0.38–0.77). The FFQ and 24dr produced heterogeneously comparable intake results for most nutrients (CC 0–0.79, Spearman ρ 0.16–0.65). Within the limitations of this study, the MEDAS was able to indicate nutritional habits associated with different levels of periodontal inflammation. Accordingly, the MEDAS can be a sufficient and useful diet screener in dental studies. Due to its correlation with oral inflammatory parameters, the MEDAS might also be useful in dental practice. View Full-Text

Keywords: dentistry; gingivitis; inflammation; Mediterranean diet; periodontology

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Bartha, V.; Exner, L.; Meyer, A.-L.; Basrai, M.; Schweikert, D.; Adolph, M.; Bruckner, T.; Meller, C.; Woelber, J.P.; Wolff, D. How to Measure Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in Dental Studies: Is a Short Adherence Screener Enough? A Comparative Analysis. Nutrients 2022, 14, 1300. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061300

AMA Style

Bartha V, Exner L, Meyer A-L, Basrai M, Schweikert D, Adolph M, Bruckner T, Meller C, Woelber JP, Wolff D. How to Measure Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in Dental Studies: Is a Short Adherence Screener Enough? A Comparative Analysis. Nutrients. 2022; 14(6):1300. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061300

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bartha, Valentin, Lea Exner, Anna-Lisa Meyer, Maryam Basrai, Daniela Schweikert, Michael Adolph, Thomas Bruckner, Christian Meller, Johan Peter Woelber, and Diana Wolff. 2022. "How to Measure Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in Dental Studies: Is a Short Adherence Screener Enough? A Comparative Analysis" Nutrients 14, no. 6: 1300. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061300

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