From the Bench to the Bedside: Branched Amino Acid and Micronutrient Strategies to Improve Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Sarcopenia
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Aging and Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Lausanne Hospital (CHUV), Service of Geriatric Medicine & Geriatric Rehabilitation, Mont-Paisible 16, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
2
School of Medicine, University of Lausanne Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Gregory C. Bogdanis and Christoforos D. Giannaki
Nutrients 2022, 14(3), 483; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030483
Received: 17 December 2021
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Revised: 17 January 2022
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Accepted: 19 January 2022
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Published: 22 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements and Musculoskeletal Health and Function)
With extended life expectancy, the older population is constantly increasing, and consequently, so too is the prevalence of age-related disorders. Sarcopenia, the pathological age-related loss of muscle mass and function; and malnutrition, the imbalance in nutrient intake and resultant energy production, are both commonly occurring conditions in old adults. Altered nutrition plays a crucial role in the onset of sarcopenia, and both these disorders are associated with detrimental consequences for patients (e.g., frailty, morbidity, and mortality) and society (e.g., healthcare costs). Importantly, sarcopenia and malnutrition also share critical molecular alterations, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and a chronic state of low grade and sterile inflammation, defined as inflammageing. Given the connection between malnutrition and sarcopenia, nutritional interventions capable of affecting mitochondrial health and correcting inflammageing are emerging as possible strategies to target sarcopenia. Here, we discuss mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammageing as key features leading to sarcopenia. Moreover, we examine the effects of some branched amino acids, omega-3 PUFA, and selected micronutrients on these pathways, and their potential role in modulating sarcopenia, warranting further clinical investigation.
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Keywords:
sarcopenia; malnutrition; mitochondria; inflammageing; senescence; vitamin D; branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs); n-3 PUFA; zinc; selenium
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MDPI and ACS Style
Romani, M.; Berger, M.M.; D’Amelio, P. From the Bench to the Bedside: Branched Amino Acid and Micronutrient Strategies to Improve Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Sarcopenia. Nutrients 2022, 14, 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030483
AMA Style
Romani M, Berger MM, D’Amelio P. From the Bench to the Bedside: Branched Amino Acid and Micronutrient Strategies to Improve Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Sarcopenia. Nutrients. 2022; 14(3):483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030483
Chicago/Turabian StyleRomani, Mario, Mette M. Berger, and Patrizia D’Amelio. 2022. "From the Bench to the Bedside: Branched Amino Acid and Micronutrient Strategies to Improve Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Sarcopenia" Nutrients 14, no. 3: 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030483
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