The Impact of a Natural Olive-Derived Phytocomplex (OliPhenolia®) on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Approval and Trial Registration
2.2. Phase 1—Bioavailability Study
2.2.1. Study Participants and Eligibility
2.2.2. Bioavailability Trial Design and Procedures
2.2.3. Nutritional Products
2.2.4. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) Analysis
2.3. Phase 2—Main Intervention Study
2.3.1. Study Participants and Eligibility
2.3.2. Study Design, Laboratory Procedures and Nutritional Intervention
2.3.3. Exercise Activity, Dietary Monitoring and Supplement Adherence
2.3.4. Biochemical Assays
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Bioavailability Assessment
3.2. Main Intervention: Exercise Activity and Dietary Monitoring
3.3. Main Intervention Blood Analyses
3.3.1. Plasma MDA
3.3.2. Plasma SOD Activity
3.3.3. Plasma CAT Activity
3.3.4. Plasma GSH
3.3.5. Plasma HT
4. Discussion
4.1. Bioavailability Trial
4.2. Main Intervention
4.3. Study Limitations and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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OliP (mg·L−1) | PL (mg·L−1) | OliP (/28 mL Serve) | PL (/28 mL Serve) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total phenolic profile | 11,282 | 1748 | 315.9 | 48.9 |
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) | 1030 | 0 | 28.8 | 0 |
3-4-DHPEA-EDA | 810 | 0 | 22.7 | 0 |
Verbascoid | 570 | 0 | 16.0 | 0 |
Oleuropein aglycone | 310 | 0 | 8.7 | 0 |
Hydroxytyrosol glucoside | 290 | 0 | 8.1 | 0 |
Tyrosol glycosylated derivatives | 240 | 0 | 6.7 | 0 |
Hydroxy-verbascoid isomer 2 | 220 | 0 | 6.2 | 0 |
Hydroxy-verbascoid isomer 1 | 200 | 0 | 5.6 | 0 |
p-coumaroyl secologanoside | 190 | 0 | 5.3 | 0 |
Isoverbascoid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rutin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Chlorogenic acid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Caffeic acid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Nuzhenide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
p-HPEA-EDA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Caffeoyl secologanoside | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Overall | OliP | PL | |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 29; 20 M, 9 F) | (n = 15; 11 M, 4 F) | (n = 14; 9 M, 5 F) | |
Age (years) | 42 ± 2 | 42 ± 3 | 42 ± 3 |
Height (m) | 1.76 ± 0.02 | 1.77 ± 0.03 | 1.75 ± 0.03 |
Body mass (kg) | 71.08 ± 2.14 | 73.57 ± 2.44 | 68.41 ± 3.52 |
Fat free mass (kg) | 57.67 ± 2.31 | 59.33 ± 3.05 | 55.89 ± 3.56 |
Body mass index (kg·m2) | 22.9 ± 0.4 | 23.5 ± 0.4 | 22.3 ± 0.7 |
Body fat (%) | 18.7 ± 1.8 | 19.5 ± 2.2 | 17.8 ± 3.0 |
O2max (L·min−1) | 3.53 ± 0.16 | 3.56 ± 0.22 | 3.49 ± 0.24 |
O2max (mL·kg−1·min−1) | 49.55 ± 1.67 | 48.25 ± 2.50 | 50.95 ± 2.22 |
OliP | PL | |
---|---|---|
Average session duration (mins) | 59 ± 4 | 67 ± 5 |
Average session heart rate (b·min−1) | 135 ± 4 | 140 ± 4 |
Average session perceived exertion (0–10) | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 4.8 ± 0.3 |
Mean daily training load (AU) | 240 ± 35 | 289 ± 36 |
Accrued intervention training load (AU) | 3832 ± 552 | 4617 ± 574 |
Estimated training monotony (AU) | 1.07 ± 0.06 | 1.45 ± 0.21 |
Estimated training strain (AU) | 4371 ± 829 | 5959 ± 1197 |
OliP | PL | ||
---|---|---|---|
Energy Intake | (kcal·d−1) | 2233.8 ± 155.5 | 2397.8 ± 143.7 |
(kcal·kg−1·d−1) | 30.3 ± 2.2 | 35.9 ± 2.3 | |
Carbohydrate | (%EI) | 44.2 ± 1.6 | 44.4 ± 1.8 |
(g·d−1) | 246.4 ± 19.7 | 270.7 ± 23.0 | |
(g·kg−1·d−1) | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | |
Protein | (%EI) | 18.6 ± 07 | 18.1 ± 0.9 |
(g·d−1) | 104.7 ± 9.3 | 108.1 ± 8.5 | |
(g·kg−1·d−1) | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | |
Fat | (%EI) | 35.5 ± 1.2 | 36.3 ± 1.8 |
(g·d−1) | 88.0 ± 6.3 | 94.8 ± 5.1 | |
(g·kg−1·d−1) | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 |
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Roberts, J.D.; Lillis, J.; Pinto, J.M.; Willmott, A.G.B.; Gautam, L.; Davies, C.; López-Samanes, Á.; Del Coso, J.; Chichger, H. The Impact of a Natural Olive-Derived Phytocomplex (OliPhenolia®) on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2022, 14, 5156. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235156
Roberts JD, Lillis J, Pinto JM, Willmott AGB, Gautam L, Davies C, López-Samanes Á, Del Coso J, Chichger H. The Impact of a Natural Olive-Derived Phytocomplex (OliPhenolia®) on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults. Nutrients. 2022; 14(23):5156. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235156
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberts, Justin D., Joseph Lillis, Jorge Marques Pinto, Ashley G. B. Willmott, Lata Gautam, Christopher Davies, Álvaro López-Samanes, Juan Del Coso, and Havovi Chichger. 2022. "The Impact of a Natural Olive-Derived Phytocomplex (OliPhenolia®) on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults" Nutrients 14, no. 23: 5156. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235156