Food Insecurity among a Cohort of Division I Student-Athletes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence of Food Insecurity
3.2. Food Security Challenges
4. Discussion
4.1. Unique Considerations for Food Insecurity Risk among Collegiate Athletes
4.2. Factors Contributing to Disparate Rates of Food Insecurity among College Populations
4.3. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria |
---|---|
Active student-athletes on one of the university sports teams | Non-student-athletes |
≥18 years of age | <18 years of age |
Current email included on the active student-athlete university listserve | Current email not included on the active student-athlete university listserve |
Active student-athletes enrolled during the 2021–2022 academic year | |
All genders |
Variable | No. (%) | |
---|---|---|
Gender | Female | 33 (73.33) |
Male | 12 (26.57) | |
Race/ethnicity | Hispanic | 4 (8.89) |
White, non-Hispanic | 31 (68.89) | |
Other | 10 (22.22) | |
Housing Situation | On-campus | 17 (37.78) |
Off-campus | 28 (62.22) | |
Food source | University meal plan | 4 (8.89) |
Off-campus | 31 (68.89) | |
Off-campus/combination | 10 (22.22) | |
Collegiate sport | Track | 20 (44.4) |
Football | 7 (15.6) | |
Other sports | 18 (40) |
No. (%) | Odds Ratio | CI 95% | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Food Secure | Food Insecure | ||||
All participants (N = 45) | 45 (100.00) | 18 (40.00) | 27 (60.00) | |||
Gender | 4.706 | 0.891, 24.864 | 0.054 | |||
Female | 33 (73.33) | 16 (88.89) | 17 (62.96) | |||
Male | 12 (26.67) | 2 (11.11) | 10 (37.04) | |||
Race/ethnicity | 1.783 | 1.360, 2.337 | 0.213 | |||
Hispanic | 4 (8.89) | 0 (0) | 4 (14.81) | |||
Non-Hispanic | 41 (73.33) | 18 (83.33) | 23 (66.67) | |||
Housing situation | 0.481 | 0.134, 1.730 | 0.259 | |||
On-campus | 17 (37.38) | 5 (27.78) | 12 (44.44) | |||
Off-campus | 28 (62.22) | 13 (72.22) | 15 (55.56) | |||
Food sources | 6.382 | 0.200, 12.234 | 0.669 | |||
University meal plan | 4 (8.89) | 2 (11.11) | 2 (7.40) | |||
Off-campus/combination a | 41 (91.11) | 16 (88.89) | 25 (92.60) | |||
Collegiate sport | 9.000 | 0.904, 86.612 | 0.048 b | |||
Track | 20 (74.07) | 12 (92.31) | 8 (57.14) | |||
Football | 7 (25.93) | 1 (7.69) | 6 (42.86) |
Year | FI Rate | Pre/Post COVID-19 | Semester | Rural or Urban | Region of U.S. | Public or Private | 1st Author |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016 | 19% | Pre | Fall, start | Urban | SOUTHEAST | PUBLIC | Poll [12] |
2018 | 32% | Pre | Fall and spring | RURAL | SOUTHWEST | PUBLIC | Douglas [11] |
2019 | 24% | Pre | Fall, start | RURAL | Northeast/West | PUBLIC | Goldrick-Rab [16] |
2022 | 60% | POST | SPRING, END | RURAL | NORTHWEST | PUBLIC | Reader |
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Reader, J.; Gordon, B.; Christensen, N. Food Insecurity among a Cohort of Division I Student-Athletes. Nutrients 2022, 14, 4703. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214703
Reader J, Gordon B, Christensen N. Food Insecurity among a Cohort of Division I Student-Athletes. Nutrients. 2022; 14(21):4703. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214703
Chicago/Turabian StyleReader, Jenifer, Barbara Gordon, and Natalie Christensen. 2022. "Food Insecurity among a Cohort of Division I Student-Athletes" Nutrients 14, no. 21: 4703. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214703