Is Season of Diagnosis a Predictor of Cancer Survival? Results from the Zurich Cancer Registry
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Data
2.2. Statistical Analyses
2.3. Ethics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Breast | Colorectum | Lung | Prostate | Melanoma | All sites | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Deaths | Cases | Deaths | Cases | Deaths | Cases | Deaths | Cases | Deaths | Cases | Deaths | |||||||||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Total n (death %) | 26,318 | 12,417 | 47.2 | 18,723 | 12,905 | 68.9 | 17,122 | 15,549 | 90.8 | 23,702 | 12,914 | 54.5 | 10,076 | 3292 | 32.7 | 171,775 | 109,927 | 64.0 | ||||||
Age at diagnosis (years, %) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
<50 | 5422 | 22.6 | 1283 | 10.3 | 1462 | 7.8 | 589 | 4.6 | 1167 | 6.8 | 958 | 6.2 | 3105 | 30.8 | 406 | 6.2 | 3105 | 30.8 | 406 | 12.3 | 26,323 | 15.3 | 8945 | 8.1 |
50–59 | 5726 | 22.0 | 2060 | 16.6 | 2627 | 14.0 | 1341 | 10.4 | 3245 | 19.0 | 2825 | 18.2 | 2638 | 11.1 | 668 | 5.2 | 1793 | 17.8 | 435 | 13.2 | 28,016 | 16.3 | 14,551 | 13.2 |
60–69 | 6282 | 24.0 | 2799 | 22.5 | 4678 | 25.0 | 2861 | 22.2 | 5449 | 31.8 | 4894 | 31.5 | 8353 | 35.2 | 3169 | 24.5 | 2050 | 20.4 | 714 | 21.7 | 44,179 | 25.7 | 26,981 | 24.5 |
70–79 | 5053 | 19.0 | 3126 | 25.2 | 5665 | 30.3 | 4361 | 33.8 | 5053 | 29.5 | 4736 | 30.5 | 8414 | 35.5 | 5485 | 42.5 | 1937 | 19.2 | 911 | 27.7 | 45,041 | 26.2 | 34,368 | 31.3 |
80+ | 3304 | 12.6 | 2664 | 21.5 | 4291 | 22.9 | 3753 | 29.1 | 2208 | 12.9 | 2136 | 13.7 | 4077 | 17.2 | 3542 | 27.4 | 1191 | 11.8 | 826 | 25.1 | 28,216 | 16.4 | 25,082 | 22.8 |
Year of diagnosis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
1981–1989 | 5053 | 19.2 | 4170 | 33.6 | 4285 | 22.9 | 3849 | 29.8 | 4106 | 24.0 | 4045 | 26.0 | 3352 | 14.1 | 3211 | 24.9 | 1528 | 15.2 | 908 | 27.6 | 35,947 | 20.9 | 31,708 | 28.8 |
1990–1999 | 6135 | 23.3 | 3847 | 31.0 | 4488 | 24.0 | 3612 | 28.0 | 4132 | 24.1 | 4012 | 25.8 | 5254 | 22.2 | 4407 | 34.1 | 2098 | 20.8 | 943 | 28.7 | 40,261 | 23.4 | 31,146 | 28.3 |
2000–2009 | 7999 | 30.4 | 3254 | 26.2 | 5459 | 29.2 | 3613 | 28.0 | 4686 | 27.4 | 4352 | 28.0 | 8333 | 35.2 | 4038 | 31.3 | 2948 | 29.3 | 971 | 29.5 | 50,366 | 29.3 | 30,177 | 27.5 |
2010–2017 | 7131 | 27.1 | 1146 | 9.2 | 4491 | 24.0 | 1831 | 14.2 | 4198 | 24.5 | 3140 | 20.2 | 6763 | 28.5 | 1258 | 9.7 | 3502 | 34.8 | 470 | 14.3 | 45,201 | 26.3 | 16,896 | 15.4 |
Season of diagnosis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Winter | 6401 | 24.3 | 3014 | 24.3 | 4610 | 24.6 | 3223 | 25.0 | 4211 | 24.6 | 3808 | 24.5 | 5912 | 24.9 | 3164 | 24.5 | 2232 | 22.2 | 746 | 22.7 | 41,681 | 24.3 | 26,657 | 24.3 |
Spring | 6618 | 25.2 | 3135 | 25.3 | 4640 | 24.8 | 3176 | 24.6 | 4288 | 25.0 | 3918 | 25.2 | 6043 | 25.5 | 3356 | 26.0 | 2427 | 24.1 | 814 | 24.7 | 42,997 | 25.0 | 27,615 | 25.1 |
Summer | 6560 | 24.9 | 3147 | 25.3 | 4830 | 25.8 | 3382 | 26.2 | 4379 | 25.6 | 3995 | 25.7 | 5731 | 24.2 | 3173 | 24.6 | 2887 | 28.7 | 941 | 28.6 | 43,918 | 25.6 | 28,421 | 25.9 |
Autumn | 6739 | 25.6 | 3121 | 25.1 | 4643 | 24.8 | 3124 | 24.6 | 4244 | 24.8 | 3828 | 24.6 | 6016 | 25.4 | 3221 | 24.9 | 2530 | 25.1 | 791 | 24.0 | 43,179 | 25.1 | 27,234 | 24.8 |
SEP 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mean (SD) | 66.7 | (6.3) | 66.8 | (6.3) | 66.6 | (6.6) | 66.6 | (6.4) | 66.0 | (6.3) | 66.0 | (6.2) | 66.8 | (6.7) | 66.8 | (6.5) | 66.6 | (6.5) | 67.0 | (6.5) | 66.6 | (6.5) | 66.5 | (6.5) |
Sex | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Women | 26,155 | 12,315 | 47.1 | 8882 | 6097 | 68.6 | 5343 | 4572 | 85.6 | NA 2 | NA 2 | 5156 | 1479 | 28.7 | 82,543 | 50,099 | 60.7 | |||||||
Men | NA 3 | NA 3 | 9841 | 6808 | 69.2 | 11,779 | 10,977 | 93.2 | 23,702 | 12,914 | 54.5 | 4920 | 1813 | 36.8 | 89,232 | 59,828 | 67.1 |
Cancer Site | Season of Diagnosis | Time since Diagnosis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 Year Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | 5 Years Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | 10 Years Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | Total Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | ||
Breast | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 0.93 (0.81–1.08) | 0.99 (0.93–1.07) | 0.98 (0.93–1.05) | 1.00 (0.95–1.04) | |
Summer | 0.95 (0.82–1.10) | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | 0.94 (0.92–1.04) | 0.99 (0.95–1.05) | |
Autumn | 0.86 (0.74–0.99) | 0.98 (0.94–1.05) | 0.91 (0.94–0.99) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | |
Colorectum | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 0.81 (0.71–0.91) | 0.87 (0.80–0.94) | 0.88 (0.81–0.94) | 0.89 (0.83–0.95) | |
Summer | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) | 0.96 (0.89–1.03) | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | |
Autumn | 0.92 (0.82–1.04) | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.93 (0.86–0.99) | |
Lung | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 1.00 (0.91–1.11) | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) | 1.02 (0.94–1.01) | 1.02 (0.93–1.11) | |
Summer | 1.00 (0.93–1.11) | 1.02 (0.94–1.12) | 1.01 (0.93–1.01) | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | |
Autumn | 0.95 (0.86–1.05) | 0.96 (0.89–1.05) | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) | |
Melanoma | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 0.96 (0.63–1.46) | 1.02 (0.82–0.1.3) | 0.91 (0.76–1.09) | 0.92 (0.79–1.06) | |
Summer | 0.77 (0.51–1.18) | 0.81 (0.65–1.00) | 0.82 (0.70–0.98) | 0.70 (0.95–0.93) | |
Autumn | 0.70 (0.45–1.09) | 0.90 (0.73–0.12) | 0.80 (0.67–0.96) | 0.71 (0.91–0.97) | |
All sites 1 | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 0.99 (0.92–1.01) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.98 (0.95–1.05) | 0.98 (0.95–1.00) | |
Summer | 0.96 (0.95–1.02) | 0.98 (0.92–1.01) | 0.97 (0.93–0.99) | 0.97 (0.96–1.00) | |
Autumn | 0.94 (0.91–0.98) | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) |
Cancer Site | Season of Diagnosis | Time since Diagnosis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 Year Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | 5 Years Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | 10 Years Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | Total Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 2 | ||
Colorectum | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 1.03 (0.92–1.16) | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | 1.00 (0.92–1.07) | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | |
Summer | 1.02 (0.92–1.15) | 0.97 (0.90–1.04) | 0.99 (0.96–1.06) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | |
Autumn | 1.01 (0.91–1.14) | 1.01 (0.94–1.10) | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 0.99 (0.93–1.07) | |
Lung | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 0.99 (0.96–1.07) | 1.02 (0.96–1.07) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | |
Summer | 0.99 (0.93–1.06) | 0.96 (0.96–1.04) | 1.03 (0.97–1.08) | 1.03 (0.98–1.09) | |
Autumn | 1.00 (0.94–1.06) | 1.00 (0.93–1.08) | 0.98 (0.94–1.04) | 0.99 (0.94–1.05) | |
Prostate | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 1.12 (0.98–1.28) | 1.05(0.98–1.12) | 1.04 (0.99–1.10) | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | |
Summer | 1.02 (0.90–1.17) | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) | 1.06 (0.98–1.11) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | |
Autumn | 1.03 (0.90–1.18) | 0.98 (0.91–1.04) | 0.98 (0.93–1.04) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | |
Melanoma | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 1.05 (0.74–1.49) | 0.94 (0.79–1.13) | 0.93 (0.80–1.08) | 0.98 (0.85–1.11) | |
Summer | 1.13 (0.82–1.57) | 0.94 (0.79–1.11) | 0.91 (0.79–1.06) | 0.94 (0.82–1.06) | |
Autumn | 1.07 (0.76–1.51) | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.97 (0.84–1.14) | 0.99 (0.88–1.15) | |
All sites 1 | Winter | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Spring | 1.03 (0.99–1.06) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | |
Summer | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 0.96 (0.94–0.99) | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.96 (0.94–0.99) | |
Autumn | 1.02 (0.98–1.05) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 0.99 (0.98–1.02) | 0.99 (0.99–1.03) |
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Hysaj, O.; Karavasiloglou, N.; Limam, M.; Wanner, M.; Korol, D.; Rohrmann, S. Is Season of Diagnosis a Predictor of Cancer Survival? Results from the Zurich Cancer Registry. Nutrients 2022, 14, 4291. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14204291
Hysaj O, Karavasiloglou N, Limam M, Wanner M, Korol D, Rohrmann S. Is Season of Diagnosis a Predictor of Cancer Survival? Results from the Zurich Cancer Registry. Nutrients. 2022; 14(20):4291. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14204291
Chicago/Turabian StyleHysaj, Ola, Nena Karavasiloglou, Manuela Limam, Miriam Wanner, Dimitri Korol, and Sabine Rohrmann. 2022. "Is Season of Diagnosis a Predictor of Cancer Survival? Results from the Zurich Cancer Registry" Nutrients 14, no. 20: 4291. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14204291