A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease

Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain

Department of Stomalogy, Dental School, University of Sevilla, C/Avicena s.n., 41009 Sevilla, Spain

UGC de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital San Cecilio de Granada, Avda, Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain

⁴

Pathological Anatomy Department, Jaen Hospital, 23007 Jaen, Spain

⁵

Cátedra de Reproducción y Genética Humana del Instituto para el Estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana (INEBIR), Universidad Europea del Atlántico (UNEATLANTICO)-Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana (FUNIBER), 39011 Santander, Spain

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Newcastle Institute for Ageing and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Campus for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle University, NE4 5PL, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK

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Department of Clinical Sicences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy

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Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain

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International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

¹⁰

College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nutrients 2020, 12(5), 1405; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051405

Received: 25 March 2020 / Revised: 9 May 2020 / Accepted: 10 May 2020 / Published: 14 May 2020

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Abstract

Increasing evidence connects periodontitis with a variety of systemic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The proposal of this study was to evaluate the role of diets rich in saturated fat and cholesterol in some aspects of periodontal diseases in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced model of periodontal disease in rabbits and to assess the influence of a periodontal intervention on hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and NAFLD progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Male rabbits were maintained on a commercial standard diet or a diet rich in saturated fat (3% lard w/w) and cholesterol (1.3% w/w) (HFD) for 40 days. Half of the rabbits on each diet were treated 2 days per week with intragingival injections of LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Morphometric analyses revealed that LPS induced higher alveolar bone loss (ABL) around the first premolar in animals receiving standard diets, which was exacerbated by the HFD diet. A higher score of acinar inflammation in the liver and higher blood levels of triglycerides and phospholipids were found in HFD-fed rabbits receiving LPS. These results suggest that certain dietary habits can exacerbate some aspects of periodontitis and that bad periodontal health can contribute to dyslipidemia and promote NAFLD progression, but only under certain conditions. View Full-Text

Keywords: atherogenic; atherosclerosis; NASH; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; periodontal diseases; periodontitis; rabbits

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

Varela-López, A.; Bullón, P.; Ramírez-Tortosa, C.L.; Navarro-Hortal, M.D.; Robles-Almazán, M.; Bullón, B.; Cordero, M.D.; Battino, M.; Quiles, J.L. A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051405

AMA Style

Varela-López A, Bullón P, Ramírez-Tortosa CL, Navarro-Hortal MD, Robles-Almazán M, Bullón B, Cordero MD, Battino M, Quiles JL. A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease. Nutrients. 2020; 12(5):1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051405

Chicago/Turabian Style

Varela-López, Alfonso, Pedro Bullón, César L. Ramírez-Tortosa, María D. Navarro-Hortal, María Robles-Almazán, Beatriz Bullón, Mario D. Cordero, Maurizio Battino, and José L. Quiles. 2020. "A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease" Nutrients 12, no. 5: 1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051405

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A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease

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