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Nutrients
Volume 12
Issue 4
10.3390/nu12040987
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Article

Supplementation of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids or Essential Amino Acids Does Not Reverse the Hepatic Lipid-Lowering Effect of a Protein-Rich Insect Meal in Obese Zucker Rats

by
Sandra Meyer
1,
Lea Schäfer
1,
Julia Röhrig
1,
Garima Maheshwari
1,2,
Erika Most
1,
Holger Zorn
2,3,
Robert Ringseis
1,*,
Klaus Eder
1 and
Denise K. Gessner
1
1
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
2
Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
3
Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Str. 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040987
Submission received: 24 February 2020 / Revised: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 31 March 2020 / Published: 2 April 2020
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Abstract

The present study tested the hypothesis that the liver lipid-lowering effect of insect meal (IM) is caused by its low methionine concentration. A total of fifty, male obese Zucker rats were randomly assigned to five groups of 10 rats each (casein (C), IM, IM + Met, IM + Cys, and IM + EAA). While group C received a diet with casein, the IM-fed groups received a diet with IM as the protein source. In groups IM + Met, IM + Cys and IM + EAA, the diets were additionally supplemented with methionine, cysteine and essential amino acids (EAA), respectively. Hepatic concentrations of triacylglycerols and cholesterol, and hepatic mRNA levels and activities of lipogenic and cholesterogenic enzymes were markedly lower in the IM-fed groups than in group C (p < 0.05). All of these parameters either did not differ across the IM-fed groups or were only slightly higher in groups IM + Met, IM + Cys and IM+EAA than in the group IM. In conclusion, the results indicate that a difference in the amino acid composition between IM and casein, a low concentration of methionine in IM and a reduced cysteine synthesis secondary to a decreased methionine availability resulting from feeding IM are not causative for the lipid-lowering effect of IM.
Keywords: cysteine; insect meal; liver lipid metabolism; methionine; obese rat cysteine; insect meal; liver lipid metabolism; methionine; obese rat
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MDPI and ACS Style

Meyer, S.; Schäfer, L.; Röhrig, J.; Maheshwari, G.; Most, E.; Zorn, H.; Ringseis, R.; Eder, K.; Gessner, D.K. Supplementation of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids or Essential Amino Acids Does Not Reverse the Hepatic Lipid-Lowering Effect of a Protein-Rich Insect Meal in Obese Zucker Rats. Nutrients 2020, 12, 987. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040987

AMA Style

Meyer S, Schäfer L, Röhrig J, Maheshwari G, Most E, Zorn H, Ringseis R, Eder K, Gessner DK. Supplementation of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids or Essential Amino Acids Does Not Reverse the Hepatic Lipid-Lowering Effect of a Protein-Rich Insect Meal in Obese Zucker Rats. Nutrients. 2020; 12(4):987. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040987

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meyer, Sandra, Lea Schäfer, Julia Röhrig, Garima Maheshwari, Erika Most, Holger Zorn, Robert Ringseis, Klaus Eder, and Denise K. Gessner. 2020. "Supplementation of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids or Essential Amino Acids Does Not Reverse the Hepatic Lipid-Lowering Effect of a Protein-Rich Insect Meal in Obese Zucker Rats" Nutrients 12, no. 4: 987. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040987

APA Style

Meyer, S., Schäfer, L., Röhrig, J., Maheshwari, G., Most, E., Zorn, H., Ringseis, R., Eder, K., & Gessner, D. K. (2020). Supplementation of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids or Essential Amino Acids Does Not Reverse the Hepatic Lipid-Lowering Effect of a Protein-Rich Insect Meal in Obese Zucker Rats. Nutrients, 12(4), 987. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040987

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