Protein-Related Dietary Parameters and Frailty Status in Older Community-Dwellers across Different Frailty Instruments
by
Hélio J. Coelho-Júnior 1,2,3,*,†
, Riccardo Calvani 1,4,†, Anna Picca 1,4, Ivan O. Gonçalves 5, Francesco Landi 1,4, Roberto Bernabei 1,4, Matteo Cesari 6,7, 
Marco C. Uchida 2 and Emanuele Marzetti 1,4,*
Hélio J. Coelho-Júnior 1,2,3,*,†, Riccardo Calvani 1,4,†, Anna Picca 1,4, Ivan O. Gonçalves 5, Francesco Landi 1,4, Roberto Bernabei 1,4, Matteo Cesari 6,7, Marco C. Uchida 2 and Emanuele Marzetti 1,4,*
1
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
2
Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, 083-851 Campinas-SP, Brazil
3
Mãe Mariana Nursing Home, Rehabilitation unit, 08562-460 Poá-SP, Brazil
4
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
5
Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, 08780-911 Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
6
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
7
Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2020, 12(2), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020508
Received: 17 January 2020 / Revised: 12 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 February 2020 / Published: 17 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sarcopenia and Nutritional Status)
The present study investigated the associations between frailty status and (a) daily protein intake, (b) daily body weight-adjusted protein intake, (c) branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) consumption, (d) evenness of protein distribution across main meals, (e) number of daily meals providing at least 30 g of protein, and (f) number of daily meals providing at least 0.4 g protein/kg of body weight in community-dwelling older adults. The relationship between frailty status and protein-related dietary parameters was explored across different frailty assessment tools. Two hundred older adults were enrolled in the study. Participant frailty status was determined according to a modified Fried’s frailty phenotype (mFP), the FRAIL scale, and the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture (SOF) index. Diet was assessed by 24-h dietary recall, while diet composition was estimated using a nutritional software. A frailty instrument-dependent relationship was observed between frailty status and protein-related dietary parameters. Protein consumption was associated with frailty status only in participants identified as frail according to the mFP. In addition, protein and BCAA intake was found to be greater in robust and pre-frail participants relative to their frail counterparts. Our findings suggest that the association between frailty and protein-related dietary parameters is tool dependent. Specifically, protein and BCAA consumption appears to be lower only in older adults identified as frail by the mFP.
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Keywords:
aging; diet; physical function; disability; sarcopenia; nutrition; amino acids; metabolism; dietary patterns; protein per meal
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MDPI and ACS Style
Coelho-Júnior, H.J.; Calvani, R.; Picca, A.; Gonçalves, I.O.; Landi, F.; Bernabei, R.; Cesari, M.; Uchida, M.C.; Marzetti, E. Protein-Related Dietary Parameters and Frailty Status in Older Community-Dwellers across Different Frailty Instruments. Nutrients 2020, 12, 508.
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