Growing the Business of Whole Grain in the Australian Market: A 6-Year Impact Assessment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- ‘DTI statements,’ (e.g., one (product serve descriptor) serve/s of (insert registered product name) contributes XX% of the 48 g whole grain daily target intake), and
- ‘Content claims,’ based on three levels of whole grain per manufacturer serve; ≥8 g (‘contains whole grain’), ≥16 g (‘high in whole grain’), and ≥24 g (‘very high in whole grain’), and/or factual statements about whole grain content (such as ‘67% whole grain’ or ‘22 g whole grain per serve’).
2. Methods
Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total Products in Grain Food Categories | Number of Registered Products 1 | Number of Eligible Unregistered Products 2 | Estimated Code Uptake (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Breakfast cereals (n = 441) | 243 | 65 | 78 |
Bread products (n = 456) | 135 | 47 | 74 |
Crispbreads, crackers, rice/corn cakes (n = 363) | 29 | 44 | 39 |
Pasta, rice, noodles, couscous, other grains (n = 535) | 55 | 85 | 39 |
Grain-based muesli bars (n = 165) | 69 | 41 | 62 |
Total (n = 1960) | 531 | 285 | 65 |
Grain Food Categories | Any Whole Grain Claim (% of Total Products) | Daily Target Intake (DTI) Statement 1 (% of Products Making a Claim) | Content Claim (% of Products Making a Claim) 2 | Claim Outside the Scope of the Code (% of Products Making a Claim) 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Breakfast cereals (n = 441) | 61% (n = 271) | 25% (n = 69) | 72% (n = 197) | 18% (n = 49) |
Bread products (n = 456) | 17% (n = 82) | 82% (n = 68) | 36% (n = 30) | 6% (n = 5) |
Crispbreads, crackers, rice/corn cakes (n = 363) | 26% (n = 98) | 24% (n = 24) | 25% (n = 25) | 31% (n = 31) |
Pasta, rice, noodles, couscous, other grains (n = 535) | 7% (n = 38) | 28% (n = 11) | 26% (n = 10) | 26% (n = 10) |
Grain-based muesli bars (n = 165) | 50% (n = 83) | 39% (n = 33) | 55% (n = 46) | 31% (n = 26) |
Total (n = 1960) | 29% (n = 572) | 35% (n = 205) | 53% (n = 308) | 21% (n = 121) |
Grain Food Categories | WG/RG | Price ($AUD) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Breakfast cereals (n = 266) | WG: n = 195 | $5.34 ± 1.6 | 0.533 |
RG: n = 71 | $5.49 ± 2.1 | ||
Bread products (n = 365) | WG: n = 111 | $3.92 ± 1.5 | 0.448 |
RG: n = 254 | $4.06 ± 1.8 | ||
Sliced loaf breads (n = 161) * | WG: n = 69 | $4.01 ± 1.1 | 0.036 |
RG: n = 92 | $4.47 ± 1.6 | ||
Crispbreads, crackers, rice/corn cakes (n = 203) | WG: n = 53 | $2.84 ± 1.0 | 0.149 |
RG: n = 150 | $3.11 ± 1.5 | ||
Pasta, rice, noodles, couscous, other grains (n = 283) | WG: n = 49 | $4.33 ± 3.2 | 0.009 |
RG: n = 234 | $3.11 ± 2.9 | ||
Grain-based muesli bars (n = 86) | WG: n = 55 | $4.31 ± 1.5 | 0.566 |
RG: n = 31 | $4.48 ± 1.2 | ||
Total (n = 1203) ** | WG: n = 463 | $4.49 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
RG: n = 740 | $3.72 ± 2.3 |
Category | Breakfast Cereals | Bread Products | Crispbreads, Crackers, Rice/Corn Cakes | Pasta, Rice, Noodles, Couscous, Other Grains | Grain-Based Muesli Bars | Total | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Audit 1 | Audit 2 | % Change | Audit 1 | Audit 2 | % Change | Audit 1 | Audit 2 | % Change | Audit 1 | Audit 2 | % Change | Audit 1 | Audit 2 | % Change | Audit 1 | Audit 2 | % Change | |
Whole grain products vs. total category | 171/274 * | 308/441 | 80 | 135/468 | 130/436 | −5 | 39/79 | 79/363 | 103 | 75/415 | 104/535 | 39 | 67/186 | 109/165 | 63 | 487/1442 | 730/1960 | 39 |
% Whole grain products | 62 | 69 | 7 | 28 | 29 | 1 | 49 | 76 | 27 | 18 | 19 | 1 | 36 | 66 | 30 | 33 | 37 | 11 |
Registered with the Code (n=) | 18 | 243 | 1250 | 69 | 135 | 95 | 0 | 29 | NA | 0 | 55 | NA | 33 | 69 | 109 | 120 | 531 | 342 |
Whole grain claims (n=) ** | 130 | 271 | 108 | 78 | 82 | 5 | 25 | 98 | 292 | 10 | 38 | 280 | 90 | 83 | -7 | 333 | 572 | 71 |
Mean whole grain (±SD) g per serve | 27.7 ± 9.5 | 27.6 ± 10.7 | −0.3 | 29.2 ± 15.7 | 27.6 ± 14.5 | −5.4 | 19.5 ± 5.9 | 17.9 ± 6.7 | −8.2 | 68.3 ± 31.5 | 61.9 ± 24.4 | −9.3 | 13.4 ± 5 | 15.1 ± 5 | 12.6 | 31.8 ± 22.9 | 29.5 ± 19.3 | −7.2 |
Not reporting whole grain content (n=) | 57 | 56 | −1.7 | 62 | 78 | 25 | 9 | 40 | 344 | 2 | 12 | 500 | 44 | 13 | −70 | 174 | 199 | 14 |
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Curtain, F.; Locke, A.; Grafenauer, S. Growing the Business of Whole Grain in the Australian Market: A 6-Year Impact Assessment. Nutrients 2020, 12, 313. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020313
Curtain F, Locke A, Grafenauer S. Growing the Business of Whole Grain in the Australian Market: A 6-Year Impact Assessment. Nutrients. 2020; 12(2):313. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020313
Chicago/Turabian StyleCurtain, Felicity, Alexandra Locke, and Sara Grafenauer. 2020. "Growing the Business of Whole Grain in the Australian Market: A 6-Year Impact Assessment" Nutrients 12, no. 2: 313. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020313