Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity, and Colorectal and Breast Cancer Risk (MCC-Spain Study)
by
Mireia Obón-Santacana 1,2,3
, Dora Romaguera 4,5,6,*, Esther Gracia-Lavedan 3,4,7, Amaia Molinuevo 3, Esther Molina-Montes 8,9, Nitin Shivappa 10,11,12, James R. Hebert 10,11,12, Adonina Tardón 3,13, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals 3,4,7,14, Ferran Moratalla 1,2,3,15, Elisabet Guinó 1,2,3, Rafael Marcos-Gragera 3,16, Mikel Azpiri 17,18, Leire Gil 17,18, Rocío Olmedo-Requena 3,19,20, Macarena Lozano-Lorca 19, Juan Alguacil 3,21, Tania Fernández-Villa 22,23, Vicente Martín 3,22,23, Antonio J Molina 22,23, María Ederra 3,24,25, Conchi Moreno-Iribas 24,25,26, Beatriz Perez 3,27, Nuria Aragonés 3,28, Adela Castello 3,27,29, José Mª Huerta 3,30, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos 3,31, Inés Gómez-Acebo 3,31, Ana Molina-Barceló 32, Marina Pollán 3,27,28, Manolis Kogevinas 3,4,7,14, Victor Moreno 1,2,3,15 and Pilar Amiano 3,17,18
Mireia Obón-Santacana 1,2,3, Dora Romaguera 4,5,6,*, Esther Gracia-Lavedan 3,4,7, Amaia Molinuevo 3, Esther Molina-Montes 8,9, Nitin Shivappa 10,11,12, James R. Hebert 10,11,12, Adonina Tardón 3,13, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals 3,4,7,14, Ferran Moratalla 1,2,3,15, Elisabet Guinó 1,2,3, Rafael Marcos-Gragera 3,16, Mikel Azpiri 17,18, Leire Gil 17,18, Rocío Olmedo-Requena 3,19,20, Macarena Lozano-Lorca 19, Juan Alguacil 3,21, Tania Fernández-Villa 22,23, Vicente Martín 3,22,23, Antonio J Molina 22,23, María Ederra 3,24,25, Conchi Moreno-Iribas 24,25,26, Beatriz Perez 3,27, Nuria Aragonés 3,28, Adela Castello 3,27,29, José Mª Huerta 3,30, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos 3,31, Inés Gómez-Acebo 3,31, Ana Molina-Barceló 32, Marina Pollán 3,27,28, Manolis Kogevinas 3,4,7,14, Victor Moreno 1,2,3,15 and Pilar Amiano 3,17,18
1
Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
2
ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
3
Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4
Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
5
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
6
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
7
Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
8
Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
9
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
10
Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
11
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
12
Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC 29201, USA
13
Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
14
IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
15
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
16
Genetics and Cancer Prevention Group, Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Descriptive Epidemiology, IdIbGi, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 17007 Girona, Spain
17
Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, 20003 San Sebastian, Spain
18
Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
19
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
20
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain
21
Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, 21071Huelva, Spain
22
The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS) / Institut of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
23
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
24
Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain
25
Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31003 Pamplona, Spain
26
REDISSEC Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas, 28029 Madrid, Spain
27
Cancer & Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
28
Department of Health of Madrid, Cancer Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, 28029 Madrid, Spain
29
Department of Surgery and Medical and Social Sciences. Alcalá de Henares University, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
30
Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain
31
Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain
32
Cancer and Public Health Area, FISABIO—Public Health; 46020 Valencia, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2019, 11(6), 1406; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061406
Received: 2 May 2019 / Revised: 14 June 2019 / Accepted: 19 June 2019 / Published: 21 June 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Human Health)
Inflammation and antioxidant capacity have been associated with colorectal and breast cancer. We computed the dietary inflammatory index (DII®), and the total dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) and associated them with colorectal and breast cancer risk in the population-based multi case-control study in Spain (MCC-Spain). We included 1852 colorectal cancer and 1567 breast cancer cases, and 3447 and 1486 population controls, respectively. DII score and NEAC were derived using data from a semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for energy-adjusted DII (E-DII), and a score combining E-DII and NEAC. E-DII was associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR = 1.93, highest quartile versus lowest, 95%CI:1.60–2.32; p-trend: <0.001); this increase was observed for both colon and rectal cancer. Less pronounced increased risks were observed for breast cancer (OR = 1.22, highest quartile versus lowest, 95%CI:0.99–1.52, p-trend: >0.10). The combined score of high E-DII scores and low antioxidant values were associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR = 1.48, highest quartile versus lowest, 95%CI: 1.26–1.74; p-trend: <0.001), but not breast cancer. This study provides evidence that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with increased colorectal cancer risk while findings for breast cancer were less consistent.
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Keywords:
colorectal cancer; breast cancer; diet; dietary inflammatory index; antioxidants; NEAC; case-control study; MCC-Spain
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MDPI and ACS Style
Obón-Santacana, M.; Romaguera, D.; Gracia-Lavedan, E.; Molinuevo, A.; Molina-Montes, E.; Shivappa, N.; Hebert, J.R.; Tardón, A.; Castaño-Vinyals, G.; Moratalla, F.; Guinó, E.; Marcos-Gragera, R.; Azpiri, M.; Gil, L.; Olmedo-Requena, R.; Lozano-Lorca, M.; Alguacil, J.; Fernández-Villa, T.; Martín, V.; Molina, A.J.; Ederra, M.; Moreno-Iribas, C.; Perez, B.; Aragonés, N.; Castello, A.; Huerta, J.M.; Dierssen-Sotos, T.; Gómez-Acebo, I.; Molina-Barceló, A.; Pollán, M.; Kogevinas, M.; Moreno, V.; Amiano, P. Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity, and Colorectal and Breast Cancer Risk (MCC-Spain Study). Nutrients 2019, 11, 1406.
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