Dietary Assessment of Shared Plate Eating: A Missing Link
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Overview of Research
2.1. Variants of Shared Plate Eating
2.2. Methods of Assessing Dietary Intake
2.3. Direct Observation Methods
2.4. 24-Hour Recalls
2.5. Weighed and Estimated Record
2.6. Dietary Survey
2.7. Use of Technology in Assessment of Shared Plate Eating
2.8. Tools to Assist in Portion Size Estimation from Shared Plates
3. Discussion
- (1)
- Consideration of seasonality which influences the availability and dietary contribution of different foods at different times of year, and harvest season may result in a period of more plentiful food supply for several months, usually once per year [9].
- (2)
- For optimal accuracy in dietary intake estimation, consideration should be given to weighing the staple food, as discrepancies in estimation of the staple are likely to account for the majority of overall daily energy discrepancy [21].
- (3)
- Modified 24HR with photographs of shared plate with portions removed may serve as a model for shared plate eating assessment [20], as these may be easier for participants to estimate than photographs of individual portions.
- (4)
- Clearly defined aims are required in order to adequately capture relevant dietary intake data. For example, if calcium consumption is of interest then increased attention to consumption of edible bones is important, or if micronutrients such as sodium are being assessed, condiment and sauce consumption requires more detailed assessment as these can be significant contributors [17].
- (5)
- Combination approaches to portion size estimation are recommended, rather than one tool in isolation from other methods [18].
- (6)
- Consideration if culturally appropriate to evaluate individual dietary intakes and maybe household intake i.e., group level might be in some regions more acceptable. A clearly defined preparation and planning phase with ethnographic data is essential [7].
- (7)
- The use of consistent terminology to describe shared plate eating in published research would be valuable to and further the field of research for regions/areas where shared plate eating is the cultural norm, the method of quantification of shared plate eating should be reported so data can be consolidated across studies where possible. Alternately, if shared plate eating has not been taken into consideration in assessment where it is known to occur, this should be acknowledged a limitation of research.
- (8)
- Less intrusive methods of assessing shared plate eating, compared to direct observation, need to be developed to ensure dietary undertake assessment is undertaken as objectively as possible. Direct observation studies can influence the way people eat, can be prohibitively expensive and can be inaccurate compared to weighed intake [14].
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author Year Country | Study Design and Setting | Study Population | Participant Number and Gender | Dietary Assessment Method | Validated/Standardised Method | Primary Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies involving direct observation | ||||||
Hudson 1995 [9] Gambia | Repeat cross sectional Rural African community | Unclear | Phase 1: 208 ‘sinkiros’ (cooking unit within family structure) Phase 2: 12 families Phase 3: 7 males | Phase 1: All ingredients identified and weighed before being cooked | Direct observation: Each bowl weighed (1) when empty (2) after staple food added (3) after sauce added. Age, sex, body weight and amount of food waste was recorded for each participant. Phase 3: DLW study | 1. Detailed observation and measurement of meal preparation to calculate nutrient intake from each meal. 2. Average weights of staple foods/sauces consumed. 3. Energy intake estimations from two main meals |
Shankar et al. 1998 [15] Nepal | Case Control Sarlahi district—rural Nepal. 3 village development communities | Children 1-6yrs at risk of Vit A deficiency | 162 households (81 case/ 81 control) Gender NR | Direct observation by 10 local Nepalese males trained for 3 months | Direct observation of control and case participants | 1. Classification of feeding episodes: no food sharing/shared plate eating/interplate sharing 2. Shared plate vs individual plate eating 3. Average portion sizes 4. Odds of consuming different food groups by feeding type |
Shankar et al. 2001 [14] Nepal | Validation study as part of larger longitudinal study Sarlahi District. Rural region of Nepal | Children aged 1–10 years old. | 11 (6 male, 5 female) 17 field tests (9 individual plate, 8 shared plate setting) | Direct observation by 8 observers who undertook 3 months of training | Food weighing used as reference to determine accuracy of observers’ visual direct observation of food intake. | 1. Accuracy of observations in individual plate eating and shared plate eating 2. Comparison of estimates between observers |
Studies using 24 h recall dietary assessment method | ||||||
Abu-Saad et al. 2009 [20] Israel | Cross sectional Semi nomadic population in Southern Israel | Healthy 19–82-year-old semi-nomadic adults visiting hospital patients or attending Maternal and Child Health Care clinics | n = 451 (149 male, 302 female) >1× 24HR recall. 40 completed 3 × 24HR recalls | Modified USDA 24HR recall conducted by trained interviewers and administered using the multi-pass method | EI calculated using American Food Information Analysis System. Compared EI from 24HR recall with BMR using the Schofield equation | 1. Eating patterns 2. Nutrient intakes 3. EI using Schofield vs recall 4. Day to day variation in 3-day results for 40 respondents |
Caswell et al. 2015 [19] Zambia | Cross- sectional | Children aged 4–8 not yet enrolled in school | 938 (479 male, 459 female) | 24 h recall conducted on tablet by local interviewers | Nutrient intakes were calculated using food composition tables developed for Zambia by HarvestPlus. USDA National Nutrient Database and other local food composition tables. | 1. Demographic Characteristics 2. Common foods consumed 3. Nutrient intakes |
Savy et al. 2005 [11] 2007 [12] Burkina Faso | Cross sectional | Women living in randomly selected compounds with at least 1 child under 5 years of age. | 691 females | Three-day dietary intake 24 h recall conducted by 14 local fieldworkers. Food variety score (FVS) and Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) calculated | NR | 1. Relationship FVS + DDS and socio-demographic and economic characteristics 2. Relationships between DDS + FVS and anthropometry 3. Relationship between DDS + FVS and nutritional status |
Studies using an interview or questionnaire method | ||||||
Daniel et al. 2014 [16] India | Cross sectional 3 regions of India; New Delhi, Mumbai and Trivandrum. Selected to capture cancer registries | Aged 35–69 years old, resided in study area for at least 1 year. | 3908 (male and female) completed DHQ, 3862 included in analysis after data cleaning | Interviews conducted by trained staff at home using New Interactive Nutrition Assistant–Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH): (1) DHQ, (2) questions on meal times; (3) food-preparer QA and (4) 24HR recall | NR | 1. Number of food items from food groups reported in DHQ & 24HR recall 2. Number of total food items and time taken to complete DHQ & 24HR recall 3. Top food contributors to nutrient values |
Ferrucci et al. 2010 [17] India | Cross sectional from national registry (cancer specific content) three regions (New Delhi, Mumbai and Trivandrum) | Aged 35–69 years old, resided in study area for at least one year. Recruited one male and one female/household | 3625 (male and female) (New Delhi n = 835, Trivandrum n = 2,044, Mumbai n = 746) | Computer-based diet QA using NINA-DISH software administered by trained field personnel | NR | 1. Global spice consumption and cancer incidence 2. Consumption of spices and seasonings in participants 3. Consumption of commonly used cooking oils 4. Socio-demographic characteristics |
Iwaoka et al. 2001 [21] Japan | Cohort College | Dietetics students and their mothers | 64 females (32 households) | Approximated proportion | Individual-based food weighing method | 1. Mean difference energy and nutrient intakes between methods |
Studies using dietary assessment tools of interest to shared plate eating | ||||||
Jerome 1997 [13] Egypt and Grenada | Case Study NR | Egypt: Kalama village, periurban community. Grenada | NR | Egypt: Household and individual intake, Grenada: Dietary information reported from each individual in the household (not shared plate) | NR | To use both case studies to highlight the importance of matching the dietary assessment method with the culture of the population being studied. |
Thoradeniya et al. 2012 [18] Sri Lanka | Cross sectional Laboratory | School children 10–16 years | 80 (32 male, 48 female) | Portion size estimation aids of 16 food items: (1) small photographs (n = 11 foods, 876 estimations), (2) life-size photographs (n = 7 foods, 558 estimations), (3) 2D life-size diagrams (n = 16 foods, 1271 estimations) and (4) household utensils (n = 6 foods, 475 estimations) | Actual weight of food | 1. Precision and accuracy or portion size estimations tools for Asian Countries |
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Burrows, T.; Collins, C.; Adam, M.; Duncanson, K.; Rollo, M. Dietary Assessment of Shared Plate Eating: A Missing Link. Nutrients 2019, 11, 789. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040789
Burrows T, Collins C, Adam M, Duncanson K, Rollo M. Dietary Assessment of Shared Plate Eating: A Missing Link. Nutrients. 2019; 11(4):789. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040789
Chicago/Turabian StyleBurrows, Tracy, Clare Collins, Marc Adam, Kerith Duncanson, and Megan Rollo. 2019. "Dietary Assessment of Shared Plate Eating: A Missing Link" Nutrients 11, no. 4: 789. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040789
APA StyleBurrows, T., Collins, C., Adam, M., Duncanson, K., & Rollo, M. (2019). Dietary Assessment of Shared Plate Eating: A Missing Link. Nutrients, 11(4), 789. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040789