The Effects of Calorie Restriction on Autophagy: Role on Aging Intervention
1
College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Korea
2
College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 462414, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2019, 11(12), 2923; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122923
Received: 29 October 2019
/
Revised: 23 November 2019
/
Accepted: 29 November 2019
/
Published: 2 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Calorie Restriction and Intermittent Fasting on Health and Disease)
Autophagy is an important housekeeping process that maintains a proper cellular homeostasis under normal physiologic and/or pathologic conditions. It is responsible for the disposal and recycling of metabolic macromolecules and damaged organelles through broad lysosomal degradation processes. Under stress conditions, including nutrient deficiency, autophagy is substantially activated to maintain proper cell function and promote cell survival. Altered autophagy processes have been reported in various aging studies, and a dysregulated autophagy is associated with various age-associated diseases. Calorie restriction (CR) is regarded as the gold standard for many aging intervention methods. Although it is clear that CR has diverse effects in counteracting aging process, the exact mechanisms by which it modulates those processes are still controversial. Recent advances in CR research have suggested that the activation of autophagy is linked to the observed beneficial anti-aging effects. Evidence showed that CR induced a robust autophagy response in various metabolic tissues, and that the inhibition of autophagy attenuated the anti-aging effects of CR. The mechanisms by which CR modulates the complex process of autophagy have been investigated in depth. In this review, several major advances related to CR’s anti-aging mechanisms and anti-aging mimetics will be discussed, focusing on the modification of the autophagy response.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
aging; autophagy; calorie restriction (CR); CR mimetic
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Chung, K.W.; Chung, H.Y. The Effects of Calorie Restriction on Autophagy: Role on Aging Intervention. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2923. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122923
AMA Style
Chung KW, Chung HY. The Effects of Calorie Restriction on Autophagy: Role on Aging Intervention. Nutrients. 2019; 11(12):2923. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122923
Chicago/Turabian StyleChung, Ki W., and Hae Y. Chung. 2019. "The Effects of Calorie Restriction on Autophagy: Role on Aging Intervention" Nutrients 11, no. 12: 2923. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122923
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
