Combined Buckwheat d-Fagomine and Fish Omega-3 PUFAs Stabilize the Populations of Gut Prevotella and Bacteroides While Reducing Weight Gain in Rats
by
Mercè Hereu 1,†, Sara Ramos-Romero 1,2,*, Roser Marín-Valls 1, Susana Amézqueta 3, Bernat Miralles-Pérez 4, Marta Romeu 4, Lucía Méndez 5
, Isabel Medina 5 and Josep Lluís Torres 1
Mercè Hereu 1,†, Sara Ramos-Romero 1,2,*, Roser Marín-Valls 1, Susana Amézqueta 3, Bernat Miralles-Pérez 4, Marta Romeu 4, Lucía Méndez 5, Isabel Medina 5 and Josep Lluís Torres 1
1
Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
2
Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
3
Departament d’Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
4
Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, E-43201 Reus, Spain
5
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), E-36208 Vigo, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
This work was part of Mercè Hereu’s doctoral thesis.
Nutrients 2019, 11(11), 2606; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112606
Received: 30 September 2019 / Revised: 23 October 2019 / Accepted: 28 October 2019 / Published: 31 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Benefits of Dietary Phytochemicals)
Some functional food components may help maintain homeostasis by promoting balanced gut microbiota. Here, we explore the possible complementary effects of d-fagomine and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA 1:1) on putatively beneficial gut bacterial strains. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were supplemented with d-fagomine, ω-3 PUFAs, or both, for 23 weeks. Bacterial subgroups were evaluated in fecal DNA by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and short-chain fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. We found that the populations of the genus Prevotella remained stable over time in animals supplemented with d-fagomine, independently of ω-3 PUFA supplementation. Animals in these groups gained less weight than controls and rats given only ω-3 PUFAs. d-Fagomine supplementation together with ω-3 PUFAs maintained the relative populations of Bacteroides. ω-3 PUFAs alone or combined with d-fagomine reduced the amount of acetic acid and total short-chain fatty acids in feces. The plasma levels of pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid derived metabolites, triglycerides and cholesterol were lower in both groups supplemented with ω-3 PUFAs. The d-fagomine and ω-3 PUFAs combination provided the functional benefits of each supplement. Notably, it helped stabilize populations of Prevotella in the rat intestinal tract while reducing weight gain and providing the anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular benefits of ω-3 PUFAs.
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Keywords:
Weight; gut microbiota; Prevotella; Bacteroides; d-fagomine; iminosugar; iminocyclitol; ω-3 PUFAs
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Hereu, M.; Ramos-Romero, S.; Marín-Valls, R.; Amézqueta, S.; Miralles-Pérez, B.; Romeu, M.; Méndez, L.; Medina, I.; Torres, J.L. Combined Buckwheat d-Fagomine and Fish Omega-3 PUFAs Stabilize the Populations of Gut Prevotella and Bacteroides While Reducing Weight Gain in Rats. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2606.
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