3-KDS | 3-keto dihydrosphingosine |
4-HPR | retinamide |
aCDase | acid ceramidase |
AIF | apoptosis inducing factor |
AKT | protein kinase B |
AP-1 | activator protein 1 |
aSMase | lysosomal acidic sphingomyelinase |
ATF6 | activating transcription factor-6 |
ATM | ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase |
ATR | serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR or ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein |
BAX | apoptosis regulator BAX |
BAX | apoptosis regulator BAX |
Bcl-2 | B-cell lymphoma 2 |
Bcl-xL | B-cell lymphoma-extra large |
Bcl-xS | B-cell lymphoma-xS |
BCR/ABL | Philadelphia chromosome |
c-FOS | cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-fos genes |
CAPE | caffeic acid phenethyl ester |
CDase | ceramidase |
Cdc25C | gene for M-phase inducer phosphatase 3 |
Cdk1 | cyclin-dependent kinase 1 |
Cer | ceramide |
CERT | ceramide transfer protein |
Cer-1P | ceramide-1-phosphate |
CerK | ceramide kinase |
CerS | ceramide synthases |
CERT | ceramide transfer protein |
cGMP | cyclic guanosine monophosphate |
Chk1/2 | checkpoint kinase ½ |
CHOP | C/EBP homology protein |
CHOP | transcription factor CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein |
COX | cyclooxygenase |
COX-2 | cyclooxygenase 2 |
cPLA2 | cytosolic phospholipases A2 |
CREB | cAMP response element-binding protein |
DHCD | dihydroceramide desaturase |
DHCer | dihydroceramides |
DHSph | dihydrosphingosine or sphinganine |
EGCG | epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
EGF | epithelial growth factor |
ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
ENOX | Ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger |
ENSA | electrophoretic mobility shift assay |
ER | estrogen receptor |
ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
ERK | extracellular signal regulated kinase |
FACS | fluorescence activated cell sorted |
Fas | first apoptosis signal receptor |
FITC | fluorescein isothiocyanate |
GalCer | galactosylceramide |
GC/MS | gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
GD3 | ganglioside GD3 or disialosyllactosylceramide |
GlcCer | glucosylceramide |
GlcS | glucosylceramide synthase |
GPR30 | G protein-coupled receptor for estrogen |
GSK-3 | glycogen synthase kinase 3 |
GT-11 | N-[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-2-(2-tridecyl-1-cyclopropenyl)ethyl]octanamide |
GW4869 | N,N′-Bis[4-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-3,3′-p-phenylene-bis-acrylamide |
HIF-1α | hypoxia-inducible factor-1α |
HNSCC | head and neck squamous cell carcimona |
HPLC | high performance liquid chromatography |
HPTLC | high performance thin layer chromatography |
I2PP2A | protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor 2 |
IKK | IκBα kinase |
IκBα | inhibitory subunit of NF-κB |
JAK | janus kinase |
JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
KDSR | 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase |
LacCer | lactosylcercamide |
LASS | longevity assurance genes |
Lc3 | GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ-Cer |
LPS | lipopolysaccharides |
MAPK | mitogen activated protein kinase |
MPM-2 | mitotic protein monoclonal 2 |
mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
NADH | reduced form of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
NF-κB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
NGF | nerve growth factor |
NGFR | nerve growth factor receptor |
nSMase | neutral sphingomyelinase Mg-dependent |
P-gp | permeability glycoprotein |
p38 MAPK | p38 mitogen activated protein kinase |
p53 | tumor protein p53 |
p75NTR | low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor or p75 neurotrophin receptor |
PA | phosphatidic acid |
Par-4 | prostate apoptosis response 4 |
PARP | poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase |
PDMP | dl-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol |
PI3K | phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases |
PKC/PKA | protein kinase C/protein kinase A |
PLC | phospholipase C |
PLD | phospholipase D |
PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors |
PPE | polyphenon E |
Res | resveratrol |
ROS | reactive oxygen species |
S1PR1-5 | sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors 1–5 |
SEAP | secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase |
SKI-II | 2-(p-Hydroxyanilino)-4-(p-chlorophenyl)thiazole |
SM | sphingomyelin |
SMase | sphingomyelinase |
SMS1/2 | sphingomyelin synthase 1/2 |
Sph | sphingosine |
Sph-1P | sphingosine-1-phosphate |
SphK1/2 | sphingosine kinase 1/2 |
SPL | sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase |
SPPase1/2 | sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatases 1/2 |
SPT | serinepalmitoyl transferase |
STAT | signal transducer and activator of transcription protein |
THDF | 5,7,3′-trihydroxy-3,4′-dimethoxyflavone |
THDF | 5,7,3′-trihydroxy-3,4′-dimethoxyflavone |
TLC | thin layer chromatography |
TLC | thin layer chromatography |
TNF | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
VDAC | voltage-dependent anion-selective channel |
VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
XM462 | Octanoic acid (1S,2S)-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-3-tridecylsulfanyl-propyl)-amide |