Efficacy of Lactobacillus Administration in School-Age Children with Asthma: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Protocol
2.3. Outcome Measures
2.4. Laboratory Methods
2.5. Sample Size Estimation
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Result
3.1. Baseline Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Effects of Probiotics on Severity of Asthma and Quality of Life
3.3. Effects of Probiotics on Sensitization and Immune Biomarker Levels
3.4. Fecal Microbial Composition, Rescue Medication Use and Compliance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | LP (n = 38) | LF (n = 38) | LP + LF (n = 36) | Placebo Group (n = 35) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male, N (%) | 22 (57.9) | 24 (63.2) | 19 (52.8) | 18 (51.4) |
Age (years), Mean (SD) | 7.68 (2.21) | 7.37 (2.34) | 7.00 (1.79) | 7.86 (2.50) |
Height (cm), Mean (SD) | 121.24 (18.49) | 117.81 (17.21) | 117.51 (15.89) | 122.23 (18.94) |
Weight (Kg), Mean (SD) | 26.45 (10.08) | 25.14 (10.16) | 24.75 (10.29) | 26.30 (11.76) |
IgE (kU/I), Mean (SD) | 611.26 (511.83) | 600.23 (739.18) | 748.22 (896.40) | 493.06 (773.52) |
Combine with allergic rhinitis (AR), N (%) | 31 (81.6) | 31 (81.6) | 32 (88.9) | 28 (80.0) |
Combine with atopic dermatitis (AD), N (%) | 15 (39.5) | 10 (26.3) | 11 (30.6) | 9 (25.7) |
Allergic sensitization, N (%) | ||||
Mite | 33 (86.8) | 32 (84.2) | 30 (83.3) | 29 (82.9) |
Cockroach | 3 (7.9) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (2.8) | 0 (0) |
Animal dander | 2 (5.3) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.9) |
Milk | 2 (5.3) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (2.8) | 0 (0) |
Egg | 2 (5.3) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.9) |
Crab | 2 (5.3) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (2.8) | 0 (0) |
Maternal history of atopic disease, N (%) | 21 (55.3) | 22 (57.9) | 12 (33.3) | 15 (42.9) |
Paternal history of atopic disease, N (%) | 21 (55.3) | 21 (55.3) | 20 (55.6) | 17 (48.6) |
Subscale | LP (n = 38) Mean (SD) | LF (n = 38) Mean (SD) | LP + LF (n = 36) Mean (SD) | Placebo (n = 35) Mean (SD) | p-Value 4 Groups |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Severity | 2.16 (0.64) | 2.13 (0.62) | 2.28 (0.62) | 2.20 (0.58) | 0.757 |
C-ACT | 19.89 (4.28) | 17.87 (5.54) | 19.81 (4.72) | 20.77 (4.75) | 0.074 |
PAQLQ | 5.44 (1.17) | 5.40 (1.41) | 5.90 (0.85) | 5.58 (1.16) | 0.268 |
PASS | 16.84 (5.27) | 16.29 (5.79) | 15.71 (4.85) | 15.60 (5.16) | 0.738 |
IFN-γ (ng/uL) | 170.73 (188.44) | 150.75 (158.12) | 156.97 (167.18) | 145.28 (162.26) | 0.954 |
IL-4 (ng/uL) | 36.05 (29.63) | 48.48 (85.06) | 61.10 (117.67) | 55.38 (86.94) | 0.773 |
TNF-α (ng/uL) | 292.95 (425.14) | 324.71 (512.82) | 231.88 (187.97) | 207.51 (340.37) | 0.690 |
IgE (kU/I) | 611.26 (511.83) | 600.23 (739.18) | 748.22 (896.40) | 493.06 (773.52) | 0.547 |
Fecal cell count Log10 (CFU/g) | |||||
Lactobacillus | 8.07 (0.87) | 7.90 (0.95) | 7.49 (1.15) | 7.71 (0.92) | 0.101 |
Bifidobacterium | 8.81 (0.91) | 8.74 (0.85) | 8.75 (1.12) | 8.90 (0.72) | 0.872 |
Clostridium | 7.19 (0.78) | 6.63 (1.09) | 6.84 (1.18) | 6.79 (1.11) | 0.133 |
Measure | LP Group (n = 38) | LF Group (n = 38) | LP + LF Group (n = 36) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P Value | β (95% CI) | P Value | β (95% CI) | P Value | |
Severity | −0.34 (−0.63, −0.04) | 0.024 * | −0.30 (−-0.59, −0.02) | 0.038 * | −0.43 (−0.74, −0.12) | 0.007 * |
C-ACT | 3.13 (−0.95, 5.31) | 0.005 * | 4.54 (2.44, 6.65) | < 0.001 * | 3.83 (1.78, 5.89) | < 0.001 * |
PAQLQ | −0.32 (−0.86, 0.23) | 0.256 | −0.30 (−0.89, 0.28) | 0.310 | −0.43 (−0.96, 0.09) | 0.104 |
PASS | −1.39 (−4.09, 1.30) | 0.311 | −1.14 (−3.79, 1.51) | 0.400 | −0.48 (−3.17, 2.20) | 0.725 |
PEFR | 8.77 (−11.74, 29.27) | 0.402 | 28.83 (−3.55, 61.21) | 0.081 | 33.81 (8.62, 59.00) | 0.009 * |
Subscale | Examination | LP (n = 38) Mean (SD) | LF (n = 38) Mean (SD) | LP + LF (n = 36) Mean (SD) | Placebo Group(n = 35) Mean (SD) | p-Value 4 Groups |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IgE | Baseline | 611.26 (511.83) | 600.23 (739.18) | 748.22 (896.40) | 493.06 (773.52) | 0.547 |
(kU/I) | month 3 | 482.42 (371.68) | 496.40 (622.51) | 377.29 (268.51) * | 577.81 (705.94) | 0.448 |
IFN-γ | Baseline | 170.73 (188.44) | 150.75 (158.12) | 156.97 (167.18) | 145.28 (162.26) | 0.954 |
(ng/uL) | month 3 | 158.01 (164.61) | 182.75 (373.50) | 221.41 (426.21) | 166.21 (197.61) | 0.886 |
IL-4 | Baseline | 36.05 (29.63) | 48.4 (85.06) | 61.10 (117.67) | 55.38 (86.94) | 0.773 |
(ng/uL) | month 3 | 51.16 (85.33) | 49.58 (67.82) | 55.09 (109.40) | 104.13 (215.39) | 0.366 |
TNF-α | Baseline | 292.95 (425.14) | 324.71 (512.82) | 231.88 (187.97) | 207.51 (340.37) | 0.690 |
(ng/uL) | month 3 | 315.23 (625.85) | 777.92 (1731.71) | 584.30 (959.98) | 550.48 (1059.83) | 0.514 |
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Huang, C.-F.; Chie, W.-C.; Wang, I.-J. Efficacy of Lactobacillus Administration in School-Age Children with Asthma: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1678. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111678
Huang C-F, Chie W-C, Wang I-J. Efficacy of Lactobacillus Administration in School-Age Children with Asthma: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2018; 10(11):1678. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111678
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Chian-Feng, Wei-Chu Chie, and I-Jen Wang. 2018. "Efficacy of Lactobacillus Administration in School-Age Children with Asthma: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial" Nutrients 10, no. 11: 1678. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111678