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Article

Carbohydrate Intake Does Not Counter the Post-Exercise Decrease in Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity

1
Department of Nutrition and Health Care Management, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
2
Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
3
Dole Nutrition Research Laboratory, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
4
Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2018, 10(11), 1658; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111658
Received: 16 October 2018 / Revised: 30 October 2018 / Accepted: 31 October 2018 / Published: 4 November 2018
In a study using a randomized crossover approach, cyclists (n = 20, overnight fasted) engaged in three 75 km time trials while ingesting water (WAT) or carbohydrate (0.2 g/kg every 15 min) from bananas (BAN) or a 6% sugar beverage (SUG). Blood samples were collected pre-exercise and 0 h, 1.5 h, and 21 h post-exercise and analyzed for natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity activity (NKCA) using pure NK cell populations. The two carbohydrate trials (BAN, SUG) compared to WAT were associated with higher post-exercise glucose and lower cortisol, total blood leukocyte, neutrophil, and NK cell counts (interaction effects, p < 0.001). The immediate post-exercise increase in NK cell counts was higher in WAT (78%) compared to BAN (32%) and SUG (15%) trials (p ≤ 0.017). The 1.5 h post-exercise decrease in NK cell counts did not differ after WAT (−46%), BAN (−46%), and SUG (−51%) trials. The pattern of change in post-exercise NKCA differed between trials (p < 0.001). The 1.5 h post-exercise decreases in NKCA were 23%, 29%, and 33% in the WAT, BAN, and SUG trials, respectively, but trial contrasts did not differ significantly. Carbohydrate ingestion from BAN or SUG attenuated immediate post-exercise increases in leukocyte, neutrophil, and NK cell counts, but did not counter the 1.5 h decreases in NK cell counts and NKCA. View Full-Text
Keywords: Immunity; leukocyte; lymphocyte; flow cytometry; glucose; exercise Immunity; leukocyte; lymphocyte; flow cytometry; glucose; exercise
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MDPI and ACS Style

Wentz, L.M.; Nieman, D.C.; McBride, J.E.; Gillitt, N.D.; Williams, L.L.; Warin, R.F. Carbohydrate Intake Does Not Counter the Post-Exercise Decrease in Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111658

AMA Style

Wentz LM, Nieman DC, McBride JE, Gillitt ND, Williams LL, Warin RF. Carbohydrate Intake Does Not Counter the Post-Exercise Decrease in Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity. Nutrients. 2018; 10(11):1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111658

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wentz, Laurel M., David C. Nieman, Jennifer E. McBride, Nicholas D. Gillitt, Leonard L. Williams, and Renaud F. Warin. 2018. "Carbohydrate Intake Does Not Counter the Post-Exercise Decrease in Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity" Nutrients 10, no. 11: 1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111658

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