Similarity and Change Detection of Relief in a Proglacial River Valley (Scott River, SW Svalbard)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- (i)
- to obtain quantitative information on the rate, magnitude and directions of contemporary relief reshaping of a small proglacial valley under conditions of rapid valley glacier retreat;
- (ii)
- to develop a typology and to map the valley floor forms using geomorphons;
- (iii)
- to undertake a similarity analysis of the valley floor surface and a separation of the relatively homogeneous segments for each measurement season;
- (iv)
- to undertake a similarity analysis of valley floor landforms and an estimation of their variability over a three-year period.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. TLS Scanning (Surveying)
2.3. Postprocessing and DTM Generation
2.4. Geomorphon Maps, Relief Clustering and Similarity
3. Results
3.1. Relief Classes
3.1.1. The Situation in 2010
3.1.2. The Situation in 2013
3.2. Relief Similarity and Change Detection
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | n * | Area (ha) | Area (%) | Min | Max | Mean | Standard Deviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 85 | 7.70 | 18.55 | 0.003 | 0.657 | 0.125 | 0.086 |
2 | 16 | 1.14 | 2.75 | 0.017 | 0.459 | 0.192 | 0.099 |
3 | 40 | 1.48 | 3.57 | 0.008 | 0.374 | 0.125 | 0.070 |
4 | 62 | 29.49 | 71.04 | 0.003 | 0.541 | 0.122 | 0.077 |
5 | 6 | 1.55 | 3.73 | 0.006 | 0.183 | 0.093 | 0.066 |
6 | 4 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 0.004 | 0.142 | 0.073 | 0.061 |
Total | 213 | 41.51 | 100.00 | 0.003 | 1.000 | 0.283 | 0.226 |
Group | n * | Area (ha) | Area (%) | Min | Max | Mean | Standard Deviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 57 | 2.11 | 5.08 | 0.006 | 0.433 | 0.129 | 0.073 |
2 | 73 | 36.29 | 87.42 | 0.001 | 0.569 | 0.111 | 0.079 |
3 | 12 | 1.97 | 4.75 | 0.007 | 0.674 | 0.200 | 0.161 |
4 | 18 | 0.90 | 2.17 | 0.025 | 0.500 | 0.168 | 0.090 |
5 | 15 | 0.24 | 0.58 | 0.009 | 0.421 | 0.170 | 0.111 |
Total | 175 | 41.51 | 100.00 | 0.002 | 0.288 | 0.998 | 0.236 |
Range Number | Range | n * | % (Area) | Area (ha) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.00–0.05 | 7 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
2 | 0.05–0.10 | 3 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
3 | 0.10–0.15 | 3 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
4 | 0.15–0.20 | 4 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
5 | 0.20–0.25 | 3 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
6 | 0.25–0.30 | 15 | 0.36 | 0.15 |
7 | 0.30–0.35 | 14 | 0.34 | 0.14 |
8 | 0.35–0.40 | 6 | 0.14 | 0.06 |
9 | 0.40–0.45 | 15 | 0.36 | 0.15 |
10 | 0.45–0.50 | 22 | 0.53 | 0.22 |
11 | 0.50–0.55 | 28 | 0.68 | 0.28 |
12 | 0.55–0.60 | 44 | 1.06 | 0.44 |
13 | 0.60–0.65 | 36 | 0.87 | 0.36 |
14 | 0.65–0.70 | 80 | 1.93 | 0.80 |
15 | 0.70–0.75 | 113 | 2.73 | 1.13 |
16 | 0.75–0.80 | 136 | 3.28 | 1.36 |
17 | 0.80–0.85 | 215 | 5.19 | 2.15 |
18 | 0.85–0.90 | 400 | 9.65 | 4.00 |
19 | 0.90–0.95 | 713 | 17.20 | 7.13 |
20 | 0.95–1.00 | 2,289 | 55.20 | 22.89 |
Total | 4,162 | 100.00 | 41.62 |
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Gawrysiak, L.; Kociuba, W. Similarity and Change Detection of Relief in a Proglacial River Valley (Scott River, SW Svalbard). Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 5066. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205066
Gawrysiak L, Kociuba W. Similarity and Change Detection of Relief in a Proglacial River Valley (Scott River, SW Svalbard). Remote Sensing. 2023; 15(20):5066. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205066
Chicago/Turabian StyleGawrysiak, Leszek, and Waldemar Kociuba. 2023. "Similarity and Change Detection of Relief in a Proglacial River Valley (Scott River, SW Svalbard)" Remote Sensing 15, no. 20: 5066. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205066