Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Project, Sub-Projects, EO and Other Data Utilisation
2.1. List of Sub-Projects and Teaming
- Sub-Project 1: Monitoring greenhouse gases from space: retrieval algorithm development and CO2 and CH4 flux inversion
- Sub-Project 2: Monitoring greenhouse gases from space: validation and uncertainties with focus in China and high latitudes
2.2. Description and Summary Table of EO and Other Data Utilized
3. Subprojects’ Research and Approach:
3.1. Subproject 1: Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space: Retrieval Algorithm Development and CO2 and CH4 Flux Inversion
3.1.1. Research Aims
3.1.2. Research Approach
3.2. Subproject 2: Evaluation and Applications of TanSat Data in China and at High Latitudes
3.2.1. Research Aims
3.2.2. Research Approach
4. Research Results and Conclusions
4.1. Subproject 1: Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space: Retrieval Algorithm Development and CO2 and CH4 Flux Inversion
4.1.1. Results
XCO2 Retrieval Algorithm Development and Intercomparison:
XCO2 Model Comparison and Surface Flux Inversions:
4.1.2. Summary and Conclusions of Subproject 1
4.2. Subproject 2: Evaluation and Applications of TanSat Data in China and at High Latitudes
4.2.1. Results
Evaluation against TCCON:
TCCON Site | N (Days) | Bias (ppm) | σ (ppm) | TCCON Data Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bialystok | 11 | 0.50 | 2.0 | Deutscher et al. (2019) [51] |
Bremen | 10 | 0.39 | 1.0 | Notholt et al. (2019) [52] |
Burgos | 16 | −0.02 | 1.3 | Morino et al. (2018a) [53] |
Caltech | 27 | −1.4 | 1.8 | Wennberg et al. (2015) [54] |
Darwin | 21 | −0.24 | 1.7 | Griffith et al. (2015) [55] |
East Trout Lake | 32 | 0.07 | 1.2 | Wunch et al. (2018) [56] |
Edwards | 8 | 1.1 | 0.5 | Iraci et al. (2016) [57] |
Garmisch | 15 | −0.17 | 1.1 | Sussmann and Rettinger (2018a) [58] |
JPL | 28 | −1.0 | 2.1 | Wennberg et al. (2016a) [59] |
Karlsruhe | 23 | 0.88 | 1.9 | Hase et al. (2015) [60] |
Lamont | 34 | 0.63 | 1.3 | Wennberg et al. (2016b) [61] |
Lauder | 17 | 1.4 | 1.3 | Sherlock et al. (2014) [62], Pollard et al. (2019) [63] |
Orleans | 21 | 1.2 | 1.1 | Warneke et al. (2019) [64] |
Paris | 13 | −2.9 | 7.0 | Té et al. (2014) [65] |
Park Falls | 29 | −0.02 | 1.5 | Wennberg et al. (2017) [66] |
Rikubetsu | 8 | −1.6 | 2.5 | Morino et al. (2018b) [67] |
Saga | 21 | −1.2 | 1.5 | Kawakami et al. (2014) [68] |
Sodankylä | 26 | −0.21 | 2.5 | Kivi et al. (2014) [69] |
Tsukuba | 9 | −0.21 | 2.3 | Morino et al. (2018c) [70] |
Wollongong | 14 | −0.35 | 1.2 | Griffith et al. (2014) [71] |
Zugspitze | 17 | 0.20 | 1.6 | Sussmann and Rettinger (2018b) [72] |
AirCore Comparison in Northern Finland:
EM27/SUN Observations in Beijing and Comparison with GOSAT Target Mode Observations:
AirCore observations in Tibetan Plateau:
Observing Anthropogenic CO2 Plumes with TanSat:
4.2.2. Summary and Conclusions of Subproject 2
5. Main Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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O2-A | CO2 Weak | CO2 Strong | |
---|---|---|---|
Spectral Range (nm) | 758–778 | 1594–1624 | 2042–2082 |
Spectral Resolution (nm) | 0.039–0.042 | 0.123–0.128 | 0.16–0.17 |
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) 1 | [email protected] W m−2 sr−1 nm−1 | [email protected] W m−2 sr−1 nm−1 | [email protected] W m−2 sr−1 nm−1 |
Spatial Resolution | 2 km × 2 km | ||
Swath | 18 km |
Name | Institution | Role | Sub-Project |
---|---|---|---|
Hartmut Boesch | University of Leicester | European PI for Sub-Project 1 | 1 |
Dongxu Yang | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS | Chinese PI for Sub-Project 1 | 1 |
Johnanna Tamminen | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European PI for Sub-Project 2 | 2 |
Yi Liu | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS | Chinese PI for Sub-Project 2 | 2 |
Paul Palmer | University of Edinburgh | European Team Member | 1 |
Zhaonan Cai | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS | Chinese Team Member | 2 |
Ke Che | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS | European Young Scientist | 2 |
Huilin Chen | University of Groningen, | Project Partner | 2 |
Antonio Di Noia | University of Leicester | European Team Member | 1 |
Liang Feng | University of Edinburgh | European Team Member | 1 |
Janne Hakkarainen | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European Team Member | 2 |
Iolanda Ialongo | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European Team Member | 2 |
Nikoleta Kalaitzi | University of Leicester | European Young Scientist | 1 |
Tomi Karppinen | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European Young Scientist | 2 |
Rigel Kivi | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European Team Member | 2 |
Ella Kivimäki | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European Young Scientist | 2 |
Hannakaisa Lindqvist | Finnish Meteorological Institute | European Team Member | 2 |
Robert Parker | University of Leicester | European Team Member | 1 |
Simon Preval | University of Leicester | European Team Member | 1 |
Jing Wang | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS | Chinese Young Scientist | 1 |
Alex Webb | University of Leicester | European Team Member | 1 |
Lu Yao | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS | Chinese Team Member | 1 |
Name | Coverage | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|
Chinese EO Data | Tansat L1/L2 | Global | |
ESA, Explorers & Sentinels data | Sentinel 5P L2 | Global | |
ESA Third Party Missions | GOSAT L1/L2 | Global | |
Other missions | OCO-2 | Global | |
Other Data | TCCON | Global | ~30 Sites distributed globally |
AirCore EM27/SUN | Finland and Tibetan Plateau, China Beijing, China | ||
In-situ CO2 | China |
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Boesch, H.; Liu, Y.; Tamminen, J.; Yang, D.; Palmer, P.I.; Lindqvist, H.; Cai, Z.; Che, K.; Di Noia, A.; Feng, L.; et al. Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 2700. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142700
Boesch H, Liu Y, Tamminen J, Yang D, Palmer PI, Lindqvist H, Cai Z, Che K, Di Noia A, Feng L, et al. Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(14):2700. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142700
Chicago/Turabian StyleBoesch, Hartmut, Yi Liu, Johanna Tamminen, Dongxu Yang, Paul I. Palmer, Hannakaisa Lindqvist, Zhaonan Cai, Ke Che, Antonio Di Noia, Liang Feng, and et al. 2021. "Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space" Remote Sensing 13, no. 14: 2700. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142700