Sea Echoes for Airborne HF/VHF Radar: Mathematical Model and Simulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Description of the Scattering Problem
2.1. The Review of the Description of Wave Heights
2.2. Statistical Characteristics of the Scattering Patch
2.3. The Incident and Scattered Fields Near the Sea Surface
2.4. The Scattered Field Far from the Scattering Patch
3. The NRCS of the Scattering Patch for Backscattering
3.1. The Power Spectral Density of the Scattered Field
- Obtain the time autocorrelation function . The time autocorrelation function of is defined as
- Estimate the power spectral density. Take the Fourier transform of and estimate the power density spectrum :
- Calculate the normalized power spectral density. The normalized power density spectrum is derived by:
3.2. The Effectiveness of the NRCS
4. The Simulation and Analysis of the Sea Echo
4.1. Sea Echoes at Different Radar Frequencies and Sea States
4.2. Sea Echoes for Different Incidence Angles
4.3. Sea Echoes for Different Sea States
4.4. Comparison between SPM and GFM
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
HF | high frequency |
VHF | very high frequency |
NRCS | normalized radar cross section |
SPM | small perturbation method |
GFM | generalized function method |
GIOS | Ground-Ionosphere-Ocean-Space |
RMS | root mean square |
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Ding, F.; Zhao, C.; Chen, Z.; Li, J. Sea Echoes for Airborne HF/VHF Radar: Mathematical Model and Simulation. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 3755. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223755
Ding F, Zhao C, Chen Z, Li J. Sea Echoes for Airborne HF/VHF Radar: Mathematical Model and Simulation. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12(22):3755. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223755
Chicago/Turabian StyleDing, Fan, Chen Zhao, Zezong Chen, and Jian Li. 2020. "Sea Echoes for Airborne HF/VHF Radar: Mathematical Model and Simulation" Remote Sensing 12, no. 22: 3755. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223755
APA StyleDing, F., Zhao, C., Chen, Z., & Li, J. (2020). Sea Echoes for Airborne HF/VHF Radar: Mathematical Model and Simulation. Remote Sensing, 12(22), 3755. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223755