A Google Earth Engine Tool to Investigate, Map and Monitor Volcanic Thermal Anomalies at Global Scale by Means of Mid-High Spatial Resolution Satellite Data
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. NHI Algorithm
2.2. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) Platform
2.3. NHI Tool
3. Results
3.1. Identification of Unrest/Quiescience Periods of Active Volcanoes
3.2. Assessing Advantages of Data Integration in Monitoring Active Volcanoes
3.3. Lava Flows Monitoring and Mapping
3.4. Localization of Active Vents and Thermal Anomaly Assessment
3.5. Quantification of the NHI Tool Performance
4. Discussion
Future Perspectives
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NHI Tool Version | Initial Test on SWIR Radiance | Test for Hot Spot Pixels | Test for Extreme Pixels | Test for MSI Multispectral Misregistration Issues | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
OLI | MSI | ||||
v. 1.1 | L2.2 > 3.0 | NHISWIR > 0 (mid-low intensity) OR NHISWNIR > 0 (high-intensity) | N/A | N/A | |
v. 1.2 | L0.44 < 80 AND ND12-8A > −0.6 * L0.44 < 80 AND ND12-8A > −0.2 | ||||
v.1.3/1.4 | L2.2 > 2.0 | L1.6 ≥ 71.3 AND L0.44 < 70 | L1.6 ≥ 70 AND L0.705 < 70 | L0.705 < 90 AND ND12-8A > −0.6 * L0.705 < 70 AND ND12-8A > −0.3 |
Volcano | FPR | DB | Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L8-OLI | S2-MSI | |||||
v1.1 | v1.2 | v1.3/1.4 | ||||
Acatenango (Guatemala) | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 2.5 km | N/A |
Suwanoseijima (Japan) | 0.0% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 4 km | data issues |
Nishinoshima (Japan) | 0.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | 4 km | N/A |
Shishaldin (USA) | 0.0% | 1.1% | 0.0% | 0% | 5 km | N/A |
Oldoynio Lengai (Africa) | 1.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 5 km | fires |
Campi Flegrei (Italy) | 1.7% | 19.2% | 7.4% | 12.3% | 6 km | fires/data issues |
Tolbachick (USA) | 0.0% | 12.1% | 2.1% | 3.5% | 20 km | data issues |
Landsat-8 OLI Data (YYYYMMDD) | Detected (Yes/No) |
---|---|
20130523 | N |
20130717 | N |
20130818 | N |
20161029 | N |
20180120 | N |
20180512 | N |
20180528 | N |
20180715 | Y |
20180901 | Y |
20190123 | N |
20190224 | Y |
20190616 | Y |
20190702 | Y |
20190803 | Y |
20190819 | N |
20191006 | N |
20200415 | Y |
20200501 | Y |
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Genzano, N.; Pergola, N.; Marchese, F. A Google Earth Engine Tool to Investigate, Map and Monitor Volcanic Thermal Anomalies at Global Scale by Means of Mid-High Spatial Resolution Satellite Data. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193232
Genzano N, Pergola N, Marchese F. A Google Earth Engine Tool to Investigate, Map and Monitor Volcanic Thermal Anomalies at Global Scale by Means of Mid-High Spatial Resolution Satellite Data. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12(19):3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193232
Chicago/Turabian StyleGenzano, Nicola, Nicola Pergola, and Francesco Marchese. 2020. "A Google Earth Engine Tool to Investigate, Map and Monitor Volcanic Thermal Anomalies at Global Scale by Means of Mid-High Spatial Resolution Satellite Data" Remote Sensing 12, no. 19: 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193232