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Volume 17
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10.3390/su17041398
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Article

Urban Landscape Development of Kendari Old Town in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: The Conzen School Urban Morphology Approach

by
Irma Nurjannah
*,
Raden Marsuki Iswandi
,
Ishak Kadir
and
Endro Sukoco
Management Science Concentration in Engineering Management, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93121, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2025, 17(4), 1398; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041398
Submission received: 25 December 2024 / Revised: 25 January 2025 / Accepted: 5 February 2025 / Published: 8 February 2025
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Abstract

Historical urban environments are frequently abandoned with the rise in expansion. An example is Kendari, a city that is over two centuries old with long historical colonialism, such as the Dutch East Indies and Japan. The city is presently eroded due to modern development and demographic pressure. Therefore, this research aimed to identify how the urban layout of Kendari was used to define long-term preservation procedures. Conzen’s school of urban morphology methodology, utilized for the examination of the historical evolution of the urban landscape and the interaction with present urban development processes, was used to conduct this research. Historical cartographic data and changes in land use were used to perform a detailed examination of the evolution of the street structure, land distribution, and architectural layout. The result showed how historical, cultural, and economic aspects shaped the formation of Kendari old town. In conclusion, this research improved the understanding of Kendari’s historical urban structure, and supplied useful empirical data for planning the future development and conservation of the districts.
Keywords: urban landscape; Conzen’s school; urban morphology; urban history; colonial city; Kendari urban landscape; Conzen’s school; urban morphology; urban history; colonial city; Kendari

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nurjannah, I.; Iswandi, R.M.; Kadir, I.; Sukoco, E. Urban Landscape Development of Kendari Old Town in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: The Conzen School Urban Morphology Approach. Sustainability 2025, 17, 1398. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041398

AMA Style

Nurjannah I, Iswandi RM, Kadir I, Sukoco E. Urban Landscape Development of Kendari Old Town in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: The Conzen School Urban Morphology Approach. Sustainability. 2025; 17(4):1398. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041398

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nurjannah, Irma, Raden Marsuki Iswandi, Ishak Kadir, and Endro Sukoco. 2025. "Urban Landscape Development of Kendari Old Town in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: The Conzen School Urban Morphology Approach" Sustainability 17, no. 4: 1398. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041398

APA Style

Nurjannah, I., Iswandi, R. M., Kadir, I., & Sukoco, E. (2025). Urban Landscape Development of Kendari Old Town in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: The Conzen School Urban Morphology Approach. Sustainability, 17(4), 1398. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041398

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