The authors would like to make the following corrections to the published paper [
1]:
(1) To support and justify the need for the measurement of nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes vertically and horizontally from peat soil, in addition to explaining the design of the fabricated closed chamber used in the study, we would like to insert new information in paragraph 3 of the “Introduction” Section:
“In addition, N2O fluxes may diffuse vertically and horizontally through inter-connected peat pore spaces [28]. This is attributed to tropical peat soils’ high void ratio and porosity due to their large, hollow, and porous organic fibres [29], which manifest in their high hydraulic conductivity [9]. Based on the permeability and hydraulic conductivity [9,30], the occurrence of interconnected lateral pore spaces in tropical peat soils may result in the transportation of N2O gases away from the peat system vertically from the soil surface and horizontally via drainage walls.”
(2) The schematic diagrams for the closed chamber in Figures 4b and 5b are the original works of all the authors, and drawings were drawn to ensure clarity and an easy understanding of N2O soil respiration. To avoid any infringement, as we are not making any copyright claims for the drawing, we agree to delete Figures 4b and 5b.
(3) To avoid further unwarranted infringement or copyrights, the authors would like to replace “I- and L-shaped chambers” with “square- and cylinder-shaped chambers”. The titles for Figures 4 and 5 were revised accordingly.
(4) Additional information was provided to support the closed-chamber method used for the determination of the vertical and horizontal N2O fluxes from pineapple-cultivated peat soils. The standard and general methods for the measurement of soil greenhouse gases as outlined by the International Atomic Energy Agency and soil respiration by Widén and Lindroth (2003) were used as the basis for the vertical and horizontal N2O flux measurement from pineapple-cultivated peat soils. There was a typo in the term used for vertical and horizontal emissions. The square-shaped chamber is used to measure vertical movement of N2O, whereas the cylinder-shaped chamber is used to determine the horizontal movement of N2O fluxes from peat soils.
So, in place of the first Paragraph in “Section 2.2. Greenhouse Gases Emission Measurements”, Paragraph 1 should read as follows:
“The fundamentals of the standard closed-chamber method for soil and plant systems as outlined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [52] and the method reported by Widén and Lindroth [53] were used to measure the horizontal and vertical movements of N2O out of the soil (Figures 4 and 5). For this, two types of closed chambers were fabricated (square and cylinder-shaped chambers). The square-shaped closed-chamber method was used to measure the vertical movement of N2O from the soil surface, whereas the cylinder-shaped closed-chamber method was used to measure the horizontal emission of N2O [54]. The specifications of the closed chambers used in this present study are the original work of all the authors. These chambers were fabricated and adapted for use in pineapple cultivation on drained peat soils. The dimensions of the square-shaped chamber are 20 cm (width) × 20 cm (length) × 20 cm (height) (Figure 4), whereas the cylinder-shaped chamber measures 10 cm in diameter and 20 cm in height (Figure 5). A smaller cylinder-shaped chamber was used for the determination of horizontal N2O flux to avoid the collapse of the soil pit wall, causing the chamber to topple over. The sizes of these chambers were designed by taking into account the Moris pineapple planting distance, in which pineapples were planted in two rows at a distance of 30 cm × 60 cm × 90 cm. Moris pineapples were selected as the test crop in this study because they are widely planted in Sarawak, Malaysia, due to their resistance to pests and diseases. To facilitate the vertical movement of N2O fluxes, the square-shaped chambers were placed between pineapple plants (Figure 4), whereas the cylinder-shaped chamber was placed on the wall of the soil pit to measure horizontal N2O flux (Figure 5). The measurement of N2O emissions was performed at two soil depths (0–5 cm and 5–10 cm). The measurement of N2O emissions was conducted on 100 m2 (10 m × 10 m) plots with pineapples. No previous agriculture activities were carried out on this plot. Pineapple suckers were planted at a distance of 30 cm away from each other. The pineapples were managed based on standard agronomic practices for pineapple cultivation on peat [42]”.
(5) A typographical error is present in the sub-title for Section 2.2.1. We would like to replace the title of Section 2.2.1 with “Soil Nitrous Oxide Vertical Emission Measurements”.
(6) A typographical error is present in the sub-title for Section 2.2.2. We would like to change the title of Section 2.2.2 to “Soil Nitrous Oxide Horizontal Emission Measurements”.
(7) Additional references have been included, revised, and renumbered accordingly. With this correction, the order of some references has been adjusted accordingly.
[28] Samuel, K.S.; Choo, L.N.L.K.; Sadi, T. Morpholgical characteristics and multi-directional CO2 emission from tropical peat. In Proceedings of the Soil Science Conference of Malaysia 2014, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia, 8–10 April 2014; pp. 66–70.
[29] Kogure, K.; Yamaguchi, H.; Shogaki, T. Physical and pore properties of fibrous peat deposit. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference, Singapore, 4–8 May 1993; pp. 135–141.
[30] Schlotzhauer, S.M.; Price, J.S. Soil water flow dynamics in a managed cutover peat field, Quebec. Field and laboratory investigations. Water Resour. Res. 1999, 35, 3675–3683.
[52] IAEA. Methane and nitrous oxide flux measurements from soil and plant systems. In Manual on Measurement of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture; IAEA-TECDOC-674; IAEA: Vienna, Austria, 1992; pp. 45–79.
The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. These corrections were approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.
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