Adaptation to Climate Change in Adriatic Croatia—The View of Policymakers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Data Analysis
2.3. Data Validation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Ranking the Risk Adaptation Climate Change Measures
“The use of irrigation in certain phases of plant development can be crucial for ensuring the intended yield. Due to climate change, long periods of drought are often exchanged during the summer, and in many cases a small amount of water is sufficient at certain times, which can be ensured by irrigation”.(IN2_RG_43)
“Irrigation is an important measure in our climate due to frequent droughts, it is important to have the possibility of irrigating crops, it is also the most important measure that can currently respond to climate change”.(IN15_SA_58)
“Organic farming is the future of agriculture … it operates in accordance with nature, which is an effective response to climate change”.(IN8_RG39)
“When choosing varieties for cultivation in organic agriculture, great attention is paid to the choice of production area and sorting … traditionally, varieties resistant to diseases and pests, locations shaded with sun and enough wind are chosen, which can also be effective due to the effects of climate change”.(IN28_SA_61)
3.2. Conducted Activities for Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture
“This measure is intended for farmers and the general public … education is conducted in a group form of workshops where information on the possibility of applying certain measures that will minimize the consequences of climate change such as selection of new varieties, application of irrigation …”.(IN14_SA_52)
“We apply individual consultations because we are often on the ground with farmers … this is a good approach because we encounter concrete problems on the ground, and we can help farmers with advice”.(IN4_RG_41)
“We are monitoring pests, diseases, and climate excesses and timely information producers so they can act in time to preserve crops”.(IN7_SA_46)
“In addition to training for farmers, we are focused on educating students in secondary agricultural schools in order to direct future farmers about the importance of measures to mitigate the consequences of climate change”.(IN14_SA_52)
“Through European Union (EU) funds, we have provided funding for the construction of a public irrigation system, which will provide farmers with the possibility of watering crops”.(IN_30_RG_42)
“Through the EU funds we have achieved support for setting up agro-meteorological stops in the county in order to monitor weather changes more efficiently and inform farmers“.(IN7_SA_46)
“We subsidize the construction of solar panels on agricultural facilities, whose energy is often used by farmers to drive pumps for the purpose of irrigation systems”.(IN3_NG_55)
“We are refunding part of the insurance premium for plantation insurance from late spring nets that are very common with us … producers pay insurance, and we refund 70% of the insurance premium to them … producers are very satisfied with this measure, and we have noticed that since we are refunding more producers are opting for plantation insurance”.(IN7_SA_46)
“When choosing a project in agriculture that we will subsidize, we choose those Who have a focus on renewable energy sources, and installation of mini-meteorological station in plantations”.(IN14_SA_52)
“We have started the project of selecting old and indigenous varieties of vines and olives because they pre-place a valuable genetic material that has been successfully adapted to our climate, our intention is to provide such planting material for planting new plantations as soon as possible”.(IN22_SA_37)
“We are conducting a lot of cross-border projects with neighboring countries with a focus on circular economy, adaptation to climate change, and the results obtained shared through the workshops with producers and other interested parties”.(IN8_RG39)
3.3. Planned Activities for Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture
“In the future we plan to continue raising farmers’ awareness of the importance of adaptation to climate change through presentations and educations for both farmers and the population”.(IN15_SA_58)
“Continuation of education aimed at sharing information on innovations in agriculture to adapt the consequences of climate change”.(IN4_RG_41)
“We plan to continue the construction of wells in the wider area of the county so that producers have as simple water available for irrigation of surfaces as possible”.(IN2_RG_43)
“In the future, we plan to start a project to build irrigation systems”.(IN4_RG_41)
“The new programming period will include measures to adapt to climate change in agriculture, focus and major subsidies will be on organic agriculture and the introduction of irrigation”.(IN14_SA_52)
“By 2023, the development strategy plans a number of measures and finalization with a focus on adaptation of the consequences of climate change such as the development of agricultural production in which traditional methods of cultivation coexist and modern techniques of adaptation to climate change, promotion of breeding of breeds and varieties that are more resistant to climate change”.(IN2_RG_43)
“Organic farming will be further encouraged, through subsidies, by ensuring the branding of organic products, etc. …”.(IN_30_RG_42)
4. Conclusions
“The measures we are implementing to mitigate the effects of climate change are in line with those proposed by the EU, and the feedback we have received from farmers shows that they are satisfied with the proposed package of measures, especially the education and financing measures”.(IN3_NG_55)
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Climate Change Measures | Rank |
---|---|
Application of irrigation (PTAM) | 1 |
Targeting organic production (PSAM) | 2 |
Crossbreeding crops (PSAM) | 3 |
Optimization of agro-technical operations based on new climate situations (PTAM) | 4 |
More frequent crop insurance (RAM) | 5 |
Public co-financing of insurance premiums (RAM) | 6 |
Shift to new cropping area (PSAM) | 7 |
Changing the production structure (more resistant varieties) (PSAM) | 8 |
Timely communication on climate change (RAM) | 9 |
Increase production area (PSAM) | 10 |
Increased use of pesticides (PTAM) | 11 |
Construction of public irrigation system (RAM) | 12 |
Access to more favorable insurance policies for farmers (RAM) | 13 |
Application of wider crop rotation (PTAM) | 14 |
Reduced tillage (PTAM) | 15 |
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Marić, A.Č.; Čop, T.; Oplanić, M.; Ban, S.G.; Njavro, M. Adaptation to Climate Change in Adriatic Croatia—The View of Policymakers. Sustainability 2023, 15, 7085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097085
Marić AČ, Čop T, Oplanić M, Ban SG, Njavro M. Adaptation to Climate Change in Adriatic Croatia—The View of Policymakers. Sustainability. 2023; 15(9):7085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097085
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarić, Ana Čehić, Tajana Čop, Milan Oplanić, Smiljana Goreta Ban, and Mario Njavro. 2023. "Adaptation to Climate Change in Adriatic Croatia—The View of Policymakers" Sustainability 15, no. 9: 7085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097085
APA StyleMarić, A. Č., Čop, T., Oplanić, M., Ban, S. G., & Njavro, M. (2023). Adaptation to Climate Change in Adriatic Croatia—The View of Policymakers. Sustainability, 15(9), 7085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097085