Evaluating Supplementary Water Methodology with Saturated Soil Irrigation for Yield and Water Productivity Improvement in Semi-Arid Rainfed Rice System, Burkina Faso
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Site Description and Trial Design
2.2. Land Preparation and Crop Establishment
2.3. Irrigation Management and Soil Moisture Analysis
2.4. Assessment of Growth Parameters
2.5. Assessment of Yield Components and Yield
2.6. Water Productivity
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Environment Conditions
3.2. Soil Water Trend
3.3. Growth Parameters
3.4. Yield Components and Yield
3.5. Water Productivity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | Tiller Number per Hill | Panicle Number per Hill | Panicle Length (cm) |
---|---|---|---|
Sat200% | 14.83 ± 0.56 ab | 12.12 ± 0.48 ab | 26.76 ± 0.29 a |
Sat160% | 15.6 ± 0.61 a | 13.5 ± 0.56 a | 25.42 ± 0.27 b |
Sat120% | 15.1 ± 0.64 a | 12.04 ± 0.49 b | 25.42 ± 0.29 b |
Sat80% | 13.31 ± 0.50 b | 11.23 ± 0.43 b | 25.56 ± 0.27 b |
p | 0.036 | 0.01 | 0.001 |
Significance | * | ** | *** |
Treatments | Panicle Weight per Hill (g) | Grain Number per Panicle | Grain Weight per Panicle (g) |
---|---|---|---|
Sat200% | 2.02 ± 0.08 a | 96.17 ± 5.55 a | 1.9 ± 0.12 a |
Sat160% | 1.64 ± 0.06 b | 76.77 ± 3.26 b | 1.43 ± 0.07 b |
Sat120% | 1.77 ± 0.07 b | 85.29 ± 5.07 ab | 1.57 ± 0.09 b |
Sat80% | 1.58 ± 0.05 b | 83.23 ± 3.54 ab | 1.59 ± 0.08 b |
p | 0.000 | 0.02 | 0.005 |
Significance | *** | * | ** |
Treatments | 1000-Grain Weight (g) | Grain Yield (kg/ha) | Straw Weight (kg/ha) |
---|---|---|---|
Sat200% | 21.13 ± 0.21 a | 3316.67 ± 171.06 a | 3436.67 ± 143.79 a |
Sat160% | 19.79 ± 0.28 b | 2882.67 ± 174.01 ab | 3156.67 ± 119.83 a |
Sat120% | 19.47 ± 0.37 b | 3091.33 ± 181.06 ab | 3153.33 ± 133.47 a |
Sat80% | 19.2 ± 0.11 b | 2654.33 ± 134.70 b | 2540 ± 110.15 b |
p | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.000 |
Significance | *** | * | *** |
Treatments | Rainwater (m3/ha) | Complementary Irrigation Water (m3/ha) | Complementary Irrigation Water Productivity (kg/m3) | Rainwater Productivity (kg/m3) | Total Water Productivity (kg/m3) | Complementary Water Savings (%) | Complementary Water-Saving Impact (kg/m3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sat200% | 3030 | 47,500 | 0.07 ± 0.004 d | 1.09 ± 0.06 a | 0.07 ± 0.003 c | ||
Sat160% | 3030 | 6000 | 0.48 ± 0.02 c | 0.95 ± 0.06 ab | 0.32 ± 0.02 b | 87.37 ± 0.00 c | 10 × 10−3 |
Sat120% | 3030 | 4500 | 0.69 ± 0.04 b | 1.02 ± 0.06 ab | 0.41 ± 0.02 a | 90.53 ± 0.00 b | 5 × 10−3 |
Sat80% | 3030 | 3000 | 0.88 ± 0.04 a | 0.88 ± 0.04 b | 0.44 ± 0.02 a | 93.68 ± 0.00 a | 15 × 10−3 |
p | - | - | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | - |
Significance | - | - | *** | * | *** | *** | - |
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Kima, A.S.; Kima, E.; Bacyé, B.; Ouédraogo, P.A.W.; Traore, O.; Traore, S.; Nandkangré, H.; Chung, W.-G.; Wang, Y.-M. Evaluating Supplementary Water Methodology with Saturated Soil Irrigation for Yield and Water Productivity Improvement in Semi-Arid Rainfed Rice System, Burkina Faso. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4819. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124819
Kima AS, Kima E, Bacyé B, Ouédraogo PAW, Traore O, Traore S, Nandkangré H, Chung W-G, Wang Y-M. Evaluating Supplementary Water Methodology with Saturated Soil Irrigation for Yield and Water Productivity Improvement in Semi-Arid Rainfed Rice System, Burkina Faso. Sustainability. 2020; 12(12):4819. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124819
Chicago/Turabian StyleKima, Aimé Sévérin, Etienne Kima, Bernard Bacyé, Paule A. W. Ouédraogo, Ousmane Traore, Seydou Traore, Hervé Nandkangré, Wen-Guey Chung, and Yu-Min Wang. 2020. "Evaluating Supplementary Water Methodology with Saturated Soil Irrigation for Yield and Water Productivity Improvement in Semi-Arid Rainfed Rice System, Burkina Faso" Sustainability 12, no. 12: 4819. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124819