Investigating Sustained Participation in Open Design Community in China: The Antecedents of User Loyalty
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- (1)
- What are the antecedents of user loyalty to ODC?
- (2)
- Whether user perception of interaction with community managers (perceived respect and perceived fan care) play an important role in user loyalty to ODC?
- (3)
- To what extent the user loyalty is affected by these factors?
2. Theoretical Background
2.1. Open Innovation in the Context of Online Platforms
2.2. User Loyalty to Open Design Communities
2.3. Open Innovation in Xiaomi Forum
3. Research Model and Hypotheses
3.1. Antecedents to the Formation of Loyalty: Open Design Community Identification and Satisfaction
3.2. Antecedents to the Formation of Identification: Network Externalities
3.3. Antecedents to the Formation of Satisfaction: Expectancy Disconfirmation
4. Research Methodology
4.1. Instrument Development
4.2. Sample and Data Collection
4.3. Data Analysis and Results
4.4. Reliability and Validity
4.5. Structural Model Analysis
5. Discussion
5.1. Correlations between Network Externalities, Expectancy Disconfirmation, Open Design Community Identification, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
5.2. The Moderating Impact of Gender on Loyalty to ODC
6. Conclusions and Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Measurement Items
References
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Characteristics | Categories | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 206 | 52.97 |
Female | 183 | 47.03 | |
Age | Under 20 | 33 | 8.49 |
20–29 | 248 | 63.67 | |
30–39 | 77 | 19.69 | |
40–49 | 24 | 6.11 | |
Over 50 | 8 | 2.04 | |
Education | No formal education | 1 | 0.34 |
Primary education | 4 | 1.02 | |
High school | 32 | 8.15 | |
University students | 102 | 26.15 | |
Bachelor | 123 | 31.58 | |
Graduate students | 86 | 22.07 | |
Master’s/Ph.D. degree | 42 | 10.70 | |
Time spent using the community (per week) | Less than 3 h | 69 | 17.74 |
3–8 h | 196 | 50.39 | |
8–15 h | 113 | 29.05 | |
More than 15 h | 11 | 2.83 |
Dimension | Item | Loading | CR | Cronbach’s alpha |
---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived Network Size (PNS) | PNS1 | 0.71 | 0.86 | 0.83 |
PNS2 | 0.73 | |||
PNS3 | 0.70 | |||
PNS4 | 0.76 | |||
Number of peers (NP) | NP1 | 0.71 | 0.84 | 0.82 |
NP2 | 0.79 | |||
NP3 | 0.70 | |||
NP4 | 0.80 | |||
Perceived complementarity (PC) | PC1 | 0.73 | 0.89 | 0.87 |
PC2 | 0.87 | |||
PC3 | 0.76 | |||
PC4 | 0.90 | |||
Disconfirmation of Respect (DR) | DR1 | 0.72 | 0.82 | 0.78 |
DR2 | 0.80 | |||
DR3 | 0.71 | |||
Disconfirmation of Fan Care (DFC) | DFC1 | 0.74 | 0.90 | 0.88 |
DFC2 | 0.77 | |||
DFC3 | 0.81 | |||
Disconfirmation of Usefulness (DU) | DU1 | 0.91 | 0.84 | 0.81 |
DU2 | 0.88 | |||
DU3 | 0.70 | |||
DU4 | 0.73 | |||
Open Design Community Identification (ODCI) | ODCI1 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 0.83 |
ODCI2 | 0.88 | |||
ODCI3 | 0.89 | |||
ODCI4 | 0.72 | |||
Satisfaction (SAT) | SAT1 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.85 |
SAT2 | 0.72 | |||
SAT3 | 0.86 | |||
SAT4 | 0.75 | |||
Loyalty (LOY) | LOY1 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.73 |
LOY2 | 0.85 | |||
LOY3 | 0.81 | |||
LOY4 | 0.83 |
AVE | Latent Variable Correlations | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PNS | NP | PC | DR | DFC | DU | ODCI | SAT | LOY | ||
PNS | 0.62 | 0.79 | ||||||||
NP | 0.59 | 0.50 | 0.77 | |||||||
PC | 0.71 | 0.47 | 0.35 | 0.84 | ||||||
DR | 0.64 | 0.39 | 0.52 | 0.54 | 0.80 | |||||
DFC | 0.73 | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.39 | 0.85 | ||||
DU | 0.57 | 0.40 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.32 | 0.76 | |||
ODCI | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.53 | 0.47 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.83 | ||
SAT | 0.71 | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.53 | 0.36 | 0.84 | |
LOY | 0.65 | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.81 |
Paths | Male | Female | Statistical Comparison of Paths |
---|---|---|---|
Path Coefficients/(t-Values) | Path Coefficients/(t-Values) | ||
Open design community identification → loyalty | 0.367 (2.35 **) | 0.202 (2.01 *) | 3.54 ** |
Satisfaction → loyalty | 0.411 (2.88 **) | 0.574 (3.61 **) | 3.72 * |
Perceived network size → open design community identification | −0.212 (−1.99 *) | −0.075 (−1.56) | 4.31 * |
Number of peers → open design community identification | 0.093 (1.90) | 0.342 (2.25 **) | 5.23 * |
Perceived complementarity → open design community identification | 0.297 (2.19 **) | 0.225 (2.02 **) | 3.24 * |
Disconfirmation of respect → satisfaction | 0.514 (3.49 **) | 0.246 (2.04 *) | 4.85 ** |
Disconfirmation of fan care → satisfaction | 0.355 (2.32 *) | 0.543 (3.56 **) | 4.07 * |
Disconfirmation of usefulness → satisfaction | 0.447 (3.02 **) | 0.303 (2.20 *) | 3.55 * |
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Liang, R.-Y.; Guo, W.; Zhang, L.-H.; Wang, L. Investigating Sustained Participation in Open Design Community in China: The Antecedents of User Loyalty. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2420. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082420
Liang R-Y, Guo W, Zhang L-H, Wang L. Investigating Sustained Participation in Open Design Community in China: The Antecedents of User Loyalty. Sustainability. 2019; 11(8):2420. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082420
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang, Ruo-Yu, Wei Guo, Ling-Hao Zhang, and Lei Wang. 2019. "Investigating Sustained Participation in Open Design Community in China: The Antecedents of User Loyalty" Sustainability 11, no. 8: 2420. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082420