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Estimation Methods for Soil Mercury Content Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

by 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4,5,*, 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, 6, 7, 1,2,3,4,* and 2,3,4,8
1
College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2
Key Laboratory of Construction Land Transformation, Ministry of Land and Resources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
4
Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Land Information Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
5
School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science of China, Chengdu 610054, China
6
Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
7
Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
8
Department of Geography and Environmental Resources, College of Liberal Arts, Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC), Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2018, 10(7), 2474; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072474
Received: 28 June 2018 / Revised: 12 July 2018 / Accepted: 13 July 2018 / Published: 15 July 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Management of Heavy Metals)
Mercury is one of the five most toxic heavy metals to the human body. In order to select a high-precision method for predicting the mercury content in soil using hyperspectral techniques, 75 soil samples were collected in Guangdong Province to obtain the soil mercury content by chemical analysis and hyperspectral data based on an indoor hyperspectral experiment. A multiple linear regression (MLR), a back-propagation neural network (BPNN), and a genetic algorithm optimization of the BPNN (GA-BPNN) were used to establish a relationship between the hyperspectral data and the soil mercury content and to predict the soil mercury content. In addition, the feasibility and modeling effects of the three modeling methods were compared and discussed. The results show that the GA-BPNN provided the best soil mercury prediction model. The modeling R2 is 0.842, the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.052, and the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.037; the testing R2 is 0.923, the RMSE is 0.042, and the MAE is 0.033. Thus, the GA-BPNN method is the optimum method to predict soil mercury content and the results provide a scientific basis and technical support for the hyperspectral inversion of the soil mercury content. View Full-Text
Keywords: soil heavy metal mercury content; hyperspectral remote sensing; MLR; BPNN; GA-BPNN soil heavy metal mercury content; hyperspectral remote sensing; MLR; BPNN; GA-BPNN
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhao, L.; Hu, Y.-M.; Zhou, W.; Liu, Z.-H.; Pan, Y.-C.; Shi, Z.; Wang, L.; Wang, G.-X. Estimation Methods for Soil Mercury Content Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2474. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072474

AMA Style

Zhao L, Hu Y-M, Zhou W, Liu Z-H, Pan Y-C, Shi Z, Wang L, Wang G-X. Estimation Methods for Soil Mercury Content Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing. Sustainability. 2018; 10(7):2474. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072474

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao, Li, Yue-Ming Hu, Wu Zhou, Zhen-Hua Liu, Yu-Chun Pan, Zhou Shi, Lu Wang, and Guang-Xing Wang. 2018. "Estimation Methods for Soil Mercury Content Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing" Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2474. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072474

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