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Volume 16
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10.3390/v16050692
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Brief Report

Influenza Virus Genomic Surveillance, Arizona, USA, 2023–2024

by
Rabia Maqsood
1,
Matthew F. Smith
1,
LaRinda A. Holland
1,
Regan A. Sullins
1,
Steven C. Holland
1,
Michelle Tan
2,
Gabrielle M. Hernandez Barrera
2,
Alexis W. Thomas
2,
Mario Islas
3,
Joanna L. Kramer
4,
Lora Nordstrom
5,
Mary Mulrow
5,
Michael White
5,
Vel Murugan
2,* and
Efrem S. Lim
1,6,7,*
1
Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
2
Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
3
Arizona State University Health Services, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
4
Division of Primary, Complex, and Adolescent Medicine, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
5
Valleywise Health Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA
6
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
7
National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442, Singapore
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2024, 16(5), 692; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050692
Submission received: 4 March 2024 / Revised: 18 April 2024 / Accepted: 26 April 2024 / Published: 27 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment)
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Abstract

Influenza viruses are constantly evolving and are therefore monitored worldwide in the hope to reduce the burden of disease by annual updates to vaccine recommendations. We conducted genomic sequencing of 110 influenza A and 30 influenza B viruses from specimens collected between October 2023 and February 2024 in Arizona, USA. We identified mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) antigenic sites as well as the neuraminidase (NA) gene in our samples. We also found no unique HA and NA mutations in vaccinated yet influenza-infected individuals. Real-time genomic sequencing surveillance is important to ensure influenza vaccine effectiveness.
Keywords: influenza virus; genomic surveillance; Arizona influenza virus; genomic surveillance; Arizona

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MDPI and ACS Style

Maqsood, R.; Smith, M.F.; Holland, L.A.; Sullins, R.A.; Holland, S.C.; Tan, M.; Hernandez Barrera, G.M.; Thomas, A.W.; Islas, M.; Kramer, J.L.; et al. Influenza Virus Genomic Surveillance, Arizona, USA, 2023–2024. Viruses 2024, 16, 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050692

AMA Style

Maqsood R, Smith MF, Holland LA, Sullins RA, Holland SC, Tan M, Hernandez Barrera GM, Thomas AW, Islas M, Kramer JL, et al. Influenza Virus Genomic Surveillance, Arizona, USA, 2023–2024. Viruses. 2024; 16(5):692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050692

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maqsood, Rabia, Matthew F. Smith, LaRinda A. Holland, Regan A. Sullins, Steven C. Holland, Michelle Tan, Gabrielle M. Hernandez Barrera, Alexis W. Thomas, Mario Islas, Joanna L. Kramer, and et al. 2024. "Influenza Virus Genomic Surveillance, Arizona, USA, 2023–2024" Viruses 16, no. 5: 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050692

APA Style

Maqsood, R., Smith, M. F., Holland, L. A., Sullins, R. A., Holland, S. C., Tan, M., Hernandez Barrera, G. M., Thomas, A. W., Islas, M., Kramer, J. L., Nordstrom, L., Mulrow, M., White, M., Murugan, V., & Lim, E. S. (2024). Influenza Virus Genomic Surveillance, Arizona, USA, 2023–2024. Viruses, 16(5), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050692

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