Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022

Souza, Ueric José Borges de; Macedo, Ygor da Silva Miranda; Santos, Raíssa Nunes dos; Cardoso, Franciano Dias Pereira; Galvão, Jucimária Dantas; Gabev, Evgeni Evgeniev; Franco, Ana Cláudia; Roehe, Paulo Michel; Spilki, Fernando Rosado; Campos, Fabrício Souza

doi:10.3390/v15112136

Open AccessArticle

Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022

by

Ueric José Borges de Souza

^1,*,†

,

Ygor da Silva Miranda Macedo

^1,†

,

Raíssa Nunes dos Santos

¹

,

Franciano Dias Pereira Cardoso

²

,

Jucimária Dantas Galvão

²,

Evgeni Evgeniev Gabev

³,

Ana Cláudia Franco

⁴,

Paulo Michel Roehe

⁴

,

Fernando Rosado Spilki

⁵

and

Fabrício Souza Campos

^1,4,*

¹

Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Campus of Gurupi, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi 77410-570, Brazil

²

Central Public Health Laboratory of the State of Tocantins, Palmas 77054-970, Brazil

³

Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria

⁴

Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil

⁵

Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, Brazil

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Viruses 2023, 15(11), 2136; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15112136

Submission received: 16 September 2023 / Revised: 20 October 2023 / Accepted: 21 October 2023 / Published: 24 October 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Viruses 2024: Surveillance, Prevention, Evolution and Control)

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Abstract

In Brazil, the state of Tocantins, located in north-central Brazil, has experienced a significant number of cases of arboviral disease, particularly Dengue virus (DENV). This study aimed to deepen the knowledge on DENV circulation within that state by conducting full genome sequencing of viral genomes recovered from 61 patients between June 2021 and July 2022. There were a total of 8807 and 20,692 cases in 2021 and 2022, respectively, as reported by the state’s Secretary of Health. Nucleotide sequencing confirmed the circulation of DENV serotype 1, genotype V and DENV serotype 2, genotype III in the State. Younger age groups (4 to 43 years old) were mostly affected; however, no significant differences were detected regarding the gender distribution of cases in humans. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the circulating viruses belong to DENV-1 genotype V American and DENV-2 genotype III Southeast Asian/American. The Bayesian analysis of DENV-1 genotype V genomes sequenced here are closely related to genomes previously sequenced in the state of São Paulo. Regarding the DENV-2 genotype III genomes, these clustered in a distinct, well-supported subclade, along with previously reported isolates from the states of Goiás and São Paulo. The findings reported here suggest that multiple introductions of these genotypes occurred in the Tocantins state. This observation highlights the importance of major population centers in Brazil on virus dispersion, such as those observed in other Latin American and North American countries. In the SNP analysis, DENV-1 displayed 122 distinct missense mutations, while DENV-2 had 44, with significant mutations predominantly occurring in the envelope and NS5 proteins. The analyses performed here highlight the concomitant circulation of distinct DENV-1 and -2 genotypes in some Brazilian states, underscoring the dynamic evolution of DENV and the relevance of surveillance efforts in supporting public health policies.

Keywords: DENV; genomic surveillance; molecular clock; arboviruses

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MDPI and ACS Style

Souza, U.J.B.d.; Macedo, Y.d.S.M.; Santos, R.N.d.; Cardoso, F.D.P.; Galvão, J.D.; Gabev, E.E.; Franco, A.C.; Roehe, P.M.; Spilki, F.R.; Campos, F.S. Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022. Viruses 2023, 15, 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15112136

AMA Style

Souza UJBd, Macedo YdSM, Santos RNd, Cardoso FDP, Galvão JD, Gabev EE, Franco AC, Roehe PM, Spilki FR, Campos FS. Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022. Viruses. 2023; 15(11):2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15112136

Chicago/Turabian Style

Souza, Ueric José Borges de, Ygor da Silva Miranda Macedo, Raíssa Nunes dos Santos, Franciano Dias Pereira Cardoso, Jucimária Dantas Galvão, Evgeni Evgeniev Gabev, Ana Cláudia Franco, Paulo Michel Roehe, Fernando Rosado Spilki, and Fabrício Souza Campos. 2023. "Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022" Viruses 15, no. 11: 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15112136

APA Style

Souza, U. J. B. d., Macedo, Y. d. S. M., Santos, R. N. d., Cardoso, F. D. P., Galvão, J. D., Gabev, E. E., Franco, A. C., Roehe, P. M., Spilki, F. R., & Campos, F. S. (2023). Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022. Viruses, 15(11), 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15112136

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Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021–2022

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