Peste des Petits Ruminants at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Northern Albertine Rift and Nile Basin, East Africa

Fernandez Aguilar, Xavier; Mahapatra, Mana; Begovoeva, Mattia; Kalema-Zikusoka, Gladys; Driciru, Margaret; Ayebazibwe, Chrisostom; Adwok, David  Solomon; Kock, Michael; Lukusa, Jean-Paul  Kabemba; Muro, Jesus; Marco, Ignasi; Colom-Cadena, Andreu; Espunyes, Johan; Meunier, Natascha; Cabezón, Oscar; Caron, Alexandre; Bataille, Arnaud; Libeau, Genevieve; Parekh, Krupali; Parida, Satya; Kock, Richard

doi:10.3390/v12030293

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Peste des Petits Ruminants at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Northern Albertine Rift and Nile Basin, East Africa

Xavier Fernandez Aguilar

^1,2,*,†

Mana Mahapatra

^3,†

Mattia Begovoeva

^1,4

Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka

⁵,

Margaret Driciru

⁶,

Chrisostom Ayebazibwe

⁷,

David Solomon Adwok

⁸,

Michael Kock

⁹,

Jean-Paul Kabemba Lukusa

¹⁰,

¹¹,

¹²,

¹²,

^12,13

¹,

^12,14,

^15,16,17

^15,16

^15,16,

³,

^3,†

and

Richard Kock

^1,†

Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK, [email protected] (M.B.)

Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada

The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK, [email protected] (M.M.)

⁴

Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy

⁵

Conservation Through Public Health, Plot 3 Mapera Lane, Uring Crescent, P.O. Box 75298 Entebbe, Uganda

⁶

Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA), Plot 7 Kira Road, P.O. Box 3530 Kampala, Uganda

⁷

NADDEC Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industries and Fisheries, P.O. Box 102 Entebbe, Uganda

⁸

Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories, Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries, P.O. Box 126 Juba, South Sudan

⁹

Consultant Field Veterinary Programme, Formerly: Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10460, USA

¹⁰

Regional Gorilla Conservation Employees Health Program, MGVP Inc., Goma 00243, Democratic Republic of the Congo

¹¹

Daktari, La Solana 35, AD700 Escaldes, Andorra

¹²

Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (Sefas) and Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain

¹³

Research and Conservation Department, Zoo de Barcelona. Parc de la Ciutadella s/n, 08003 Barcelona, Spain

¹⁴

UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain

¹⁵

CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F–34398 Montpellier, France

¹⁶

ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, F-34398 Montpellier, France

¹⁷

Veterinary Faculty, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo 1102, Mozambique

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Viruses 2020, 12(3), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/v12030293

Received: 21 January 2020 / Revised: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 21 February 2020 / Published: 7 March 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Eradication: Improved Understanding of Epidemiology, Diagnostics and Vaccine Efficacy)

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Abstract

In the recent past, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) emerged in East Africa causing outbreaks in small livestock across different countries, with evidences of spillover to wildlife. In order to understand better PPR at the wildlife–livestock interface, we investigated patterns of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) exposure, disease outbreaks, and viral sequences in the northern Albertine Rift. PPRV antibodies indicated a widespread exposure in apparently healthy wildlife from South Sudan (2013) and Uganda (2015, 2017). African buffaloes and Uganda kobs <1-year-old from Queen Elizabeth National Park (2015) had antibodies against PPRV N-antigen and local serosurvey captured a subsequent spread of PPRV in livestock. Outbreaks with PPR-like syndrome in sheep and goats were recorded around the Greater Virunga Landscape in Kasese (2016), Kisoro and Kabale (2017) from western Uganda, and in North Kivu (2017) from eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This landscape would not be considered typical for PPR persistence as it is a mixed forest–savannah ecosystem with mostly sedentary livestock. PPRV sequences from DRC (2017) were identical to strains from Burundi (2018) and confirmed a transboundary spread of PPRV. Our results indicate an epidemiological linkage between epizootic cycles in livestock and exposure in wildlife, denoting the importance of PPR surveillance on wild artiodactyls for both conservation and eradication programs. View Full-Text

Keywords: peste des petits ruminants; PPR; wildlife; Uganda; South Sudan; Democratic Republic of the Congo; transboundary emerging diseases; epidemiology; host range

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Fernandez Aguilar, X.; Mahapatra, M.; Begovoeva, M.; Kalema-Zikusoka, G.; Driciru, M.; Ayebazibwe, C.; Adwok, D.S.; Kock, M.; Lukusa, J.-P.K.; Muro, J.; Marco, I.; Colom-Cadena, A.; Espunyes, J.; Meunier, N.; Cabezón, O.; Caron, A.; Bataille, A.; Libeau, G.; Parekh, K.; Parida, S.; Kock, R. Peste des Petits Ruminants at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Northern Albertine Rift and Nile Basin, East Africa. Viruses 2020, 12, 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12030293

AMA Style

Fernandez Aguilar X, Mahapatra M, Begovoeva M, Kalema-Zikusoka G, Driciru M, Ayebazibwe C, Adwok DS, Kock M, Lukusa J-PK, Muro J, Marco I, Colom-Cadena A, Espunyes J, Meunier N, Cabezón O, Caron A, Bataille A, Libeau G, Parekh K, Parida S, Kock R. Peste des Petits Ruminants at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Northern Albertine Rift and Nile Basin, East Africa. Viruses. 2020; 12(3):293. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12030293

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernandez Aguilar, Xavier; Mahapatra, Mana; Begovoeva, Mattia; Kalema-Zikusoka, Gladys; Driciru, Margaret; Ayebazibwe, Chrisostom; Adwok, David S.; Kock, Michael; Lukusa, Jean-Paul K.; Muro, Jesus; Marco, Ignasi; Colom-Cadena, Andreu; Espunyes, Johan; Meunier, Natascha; Cabezón, Oscar; Caron, Alexandre; Bataille, Arnaud; Libeau, Genevieve; Parekh, Krupali; Parida, Satya; Kock, Richard. 2020. "Peste des Petits Ruminants at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Northern Albertine Rift and Nile Basin, East Africa" Viruses 12, no. 3: 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12030293

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Peste des Petits Ruminants at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Northern Albertine Rift and Nile Basin, East Africa

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