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Volume 12
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Article

Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits

by
Theocharis Tsoleridis
1,2,*,
Joseph G. Chappell
1,2,
Elodie Monchatre-Leroy
3,
Gérald Umhang
3,
Mang Shi
4,
Malcolm Bennett
5,
Rachael E. Tarlinton
5,
C. Patrick McClure
1,2,
Edward C. Holmes
4 and
Jonathan K. Ball
1,2,*
1
School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
2
Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
3
Anses, Laboratoire de la Rage et de la Faune Sauvage, 54220 Malzeville, France
4
Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
5
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2020, 12(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010047
Submission received: 16 December 2019 / Revised: 24 December 2019 / Accepted: 27 December 2019 / Published: 31 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Viruses)
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Abstract

The advent of unbiased metagenomic virus discovery has revolutionized studies of virus biodiversity and evolution. Despite this, our knowledge of the virosphere, including in mammalian species, remains limited. We used unbiased metagenomic sequencing to identify RNA viruses in European field voles and rabbits. Accordingly, we identified a number of novel RNA viruses including astrovirus, rotavirus A, picorna-like virus and a narmovirus (paramyxovirus). In addition, we identified a sobemovirus and a novel luteovirus that likely originated from the rabbit diet. These newly discovered viruses were often divergent from those previously described. The novel astrovirus was most closely related to a virus sampled from the rodent-eating European roller bird (Coracias garrulous). PCR screening revealed that the novel narmovirus in the UK field vole had a prevalence of approximately 4%, and shared common ancestry with other rodent narmoviruses sampled globally. Two novel rotavirus A sequences were detected in a UK field vole and a French rabbit, the latter with a prevalence of 5%. Finally, a highly divergent picorna-like virus found in the gut of the French rabbit virus was only ~35% similar to an arilivirus at the amino acid level, suggesting the presence of a novel viral genus within the Picornaviridae.
Keywords: virus discovery; paramyxovirus; rotavirus A; astrovirus; picorna-like virus; rodents; rabbits; field voles virus discovery; paramyxovirus; rotavirus A; astrovirus; picorna-like virus; rodents; rabbits; field voles

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tsoleridis, T.; Chappell, J.G.; Monchatre-Leroy, E.; Umhang, G.; Shi, M.; Bennett, M.; Tarlinton, R.E.; McClure, C.P.; Holmes, E.C.; Ball, J.K. Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits. Viruses 2020, 12, 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010047

AMA Style

Tsoleridis T, Chappell JG, Monchatre-Leroy E, Umhang G, Shi M, Bennett M, Tarlinton RE, McClure CP, Holmes EC, Ball JK. Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits. Viruses. 2020; 12(1):47. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010047

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsoleridis, Theocharis, Joseph G. Chappell, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Gérald Umhang, Mang Shi, Malcolm Bennett, Rachael E. Tarlinton, C. Patrick McClure, Edward C. Holmes, and Jonathan K. Ball. 2020. "Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits" Viruses 12, no. 1: 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010047

APA Style

Tsoleridis, T., Chappell, J. G., Monchatre-Leroy, E., Umhang, G., Shi, M., Bennett, M., Tarlinton, R. E., McClure, C. P., Holmes, E. C., & Ball, J. K. (2020). Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits. Viruses, 12(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010047

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