Novel Viruses Found in Antricola Ticks Collected in Bat Caves in the Western Amazonia of Brazil
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Collection of Ticks
2.2. Nucleic Acid Extraction
2.3. Nucleic Acid Amplification and Sequencing
2.4. High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) Data Analysis
2.5. Viral Genetic Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Sequencing Output
3.2. Viral Community
3.3. Single-Stranded Negative-Sense RNA Viruses
3.3.1. Nairoviridae
3.3.2. Rhabdoviridae
3.3.3. Orthomyxoviridae
3.4. Single-Stranded Positive-Sense RNA Viruses
3.4.1. Iflaviridae
3.4.2. Dicistroviridae
3.4.3. Polycipiviridae
3.5. Double-Stranded RNA Viruses
Reoviridae
3.6. Unclassified Viruses
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Viral Type | Viral Family | Number of Assigned Reads | % of Viral Reads |
---|---|---|---|
Single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus | Nairoviridae | 753,197 | 88.2 |
Peribunyaviridae | 10,515 | 1.2 | |
Rhabdoviridae | 11,075 | 1.3 | |
Orthomyxoviridae | 17,553 | 2.1 | |
Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus | Iflaviridae | 14,040 | 1.6 |
Dicistroviridae | 10,224 | 1.2 | |
Polycipiviridae | 1271 | 0.1 | |
Double-stranded RNA virus | Reoviridae | 702 | 0.1 |
Unclassified viruses | Unclassified viruses | 32,371 | 3.8 |
Segment | Protein | % Coverage | % a.a. Identity |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PB2 | 68 | 97 |
2 | PB1 | 92 | 82 |
3 | PA | 47 | 54 |
4 | NP | 73 | 61 |
5 | GP | 38 | 53 |
6 | M | 100 | 47 |
Segment | Protein | % Cover | % a.a. Identity |
---|---|---|---|
1 | VP1 | 88.5 | 74–87 |
2 | VP2 | 75.7 | 60–94 |
3 | VP3 | 38.9 | 55–59 |
4 | VP4 | 62.7 | 64 |
5 | NSP1 | 67.3 | 52–57 |
6 | VP6 | 67.9 | 84 |
7 | NSP3 | 76.0 | 63 |
8 | NSP2 | 92.6 | 79–81 |
9 | VP7 | 54.7 | 63 |
10 | NSP4 | 27.7 | 49–53 |
11 | NSP5 | 87.5 | 61 |
11 | NSP6 | n.d. | n.d. |
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Blomström, A.-L.; Luz, H.R.; Öhlund, P.; Lukenge, M.; Brandão, P.E.; Labruna, M.B.; Berg, M. Novel Viruses Found in Antricola Ticks Collected in Bat Caves in the Western Amazonia of Brazil. Viruses 2020, 12, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010048
Blomström A-L, Luz HR, Öhlund P, Lukenge M, Brandão PE, Labruna MB, Berg M. Novel Viruses Found in Antricola Ticks Collected in Bat Caves in the Western Amazonia of Brazil. Viruses. 2020; 12(1):48. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010048
Chicago/Turabian StyleBlomström, Anne-Lie, Hermes R. Luz, Pontus Öhlund, Matthew Lukenge, Paulo Eduardo Brandão, Marcelo B. Labruna, and Mikael Berg. 2020. "Novel Viruses Found in Antricola Ticks Collected in Bat Caves in the Western Amazonia of Brazil" Viruses 12, no. 1: 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010048
APA StyleBlomström, A. -L., Luz, H. R., Öhlund, P., Lukenge, M., Brandão, P. E., Labruna, M. B., & Berg, M. (2020). Novel Viruses Found in Antricola Ticks Collected in Bat Caves in the Western Amazonia of Brazil. Viruses, 12(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010048