Identification, Pathogenicity of Novel Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SDJN0105 in Shandong, China and Immunoprotective Evaluation of the Newly Developed Inactivated Oil-emulsion FAdV-4 Vaccine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Virus Preparation
2.2. Electron Microscopic Examination
2.3. PCR and Phylogenetic Tree Analysis
2.4. Replication and Pathogenicity of FAdV-4-SDJN0105 in Chickens
2.5. Viral Titers in Infected Chickens
2.6. The Relative mRNA Expressions of the Hearts, Livers, and Spleens from the Infected Chickens
2.7. Preparation of Oil-Adjuvant Inactivated FAdV-4 Vaccine
2.8. Antibody Assay
2.9. Virus Challenge Assay
2.10. Statistical Analysis
2.11. Ethics Statement
3. Results
3.1. Electron Microscopic Examination
3.2. Phylogenetic and Genetic Analysis of the SDJN0105 Strains
3.3. Clinical Symptoms and Gross Pathology
3.4. Histopathological Analysis
3.5. Viral Titers in Infected Chickens
3.6. The Relative mRNA Expressions of Hearts, Livers, and Spleens of the Infected Chickens
3.7. Antibody Responses of Vaccinated Chickens
3.8. Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Vaccine
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | GenBank Numbers | Serotype |
---|---|---|
FAdV-A | MF168407 | FAdV-1 |
KX247011 | FAdV-1 | |
KX247012 | FAdV-1 | |
MF198255 | FAdV-1 | |
FAdV-B | AY683544 | FAdV-3 |
NC_021221 | FAdV-5 | |
FAdV-C | EU177545 | FAdV-4 |
EU931691 | FAdV-4 | |
EU938324 | FAdV-4 | |
KU647684 | FAdV-4 | |
KT899325 | FAdV-4 | |
KT717889 | FAdV-10 | |
FAdV-D | KT862805 | FAdV-2 |
KT862806 | FAdV-2 | |
KF426983 | FAdV-2 | |
KU746335 | FAdV-11 | |
KU310942 | FAdV-11 | |
KP231537 | FAdV-11 | |
FAdV-E | NC_038332 | FAdV-6 |
KT862808 | FAdV-6 | |
KY364398 | FAdV-7 | |
KY968968 | FAdV-8 | |
KU517714 | FAdV-8b | |
KY426984 | FAdV-8b | |
DAdV | EF093507 | DAdV-1 |
Primer Name | Sequence of Oligonucleotide (5′–3′) | Size (bp) |
---|---|---|
q-FAdV-4-F | CGTCCCGACTACCCTAGAGA | 150 |
q-FAdV-4-R | AGGTCCCGCAACTGAGACT | |
β-actin-F | ATGAAGCCCAGAGCAAAAGA | 120 |
β-actin-R | GGGGTGTTGAAGGTCTCAAA | |
TLR3-F | ACAATGGCAGATTGTAGTCACCT | 123 |
TLR3-R | GCACAATCCTGGTTTCAGTTTAG | |
TLR7-F | TGTGATGTGGAAGCCTTTGA | 185 |
TLR7-R | ATTATCTTTGGGCCCCAGTC | |
MDA5-F | TGAAAGCCTTGCAGATGACTTA | 120 |
MDA5-R | GCTGTTTCAAATCCTCCGTTAC | |
TNF-α-F | CCGCCCAGTTCAGATGAGTT | 130 |
TNF-α-R | GCAACAACCAGCTATGCACC | |
IFN-α-F | CACCTTCCTCCAAGACAACGATT | 108 |
IFN-α-R | GTGCGAGTGATAAATGTGAGGTTG | |
IFN-β-F | CCTCAACCAGATCCAGCATT | 180 |
IFN-β-R | GGATGAGGCTGTGAGAGGAG | |
IFN-γ-F | TGAGCCAGATTGTTTCGATG | 186 |
IFN-γ-R | CTTGGCCAGGTCCATGATA | |
IL-1β-F | CCAGAAAGTGAGGCTCAACATTG | 114 |
IL-1β-R | GACATGTAGAGCTTGTAGCCCTT | |
IL-2-F | TACCTGGGAGAAGTGGTTACTCT | 117 |
IL-2-R | TAGACCCGTAAGACTCTTGAGGT | |
IL-4-F | AGAGCATCCGGATAGTGAATGAC | 142 |
IL-4-R | AGATCGATACCAGTCTGAGCAAC | |
IL-6-F | CCTGTTCGCCTTTCAGACCT | 171 |
IL-6-R | GGGATGACCACTTCATCGGG | |
IL-8-F | ATTCAAGATGTGAAGCTGAC | 196 |
IL-8-R | AGGATCTGCAATTAACATGAGG | |
Mx-F | CAGCTCCAGAATGCATCAGA | 181 |
Mx-R | GGCAATTCCAGGAAGATCAA | |
OASL-F | GAGATGGAGGTCCTGGTGAA | 152 |
OASL-R | CCAGCTCCTTGGTCTCGTAG |
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Meng, K.; Yuan, X.; Yu, J.; Zhang, Y.; Ai, W.; Wang, Y. Identification, Pathogenicity of Novel Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SDJN0105 in Shandong, China and Immunoprotective Evaluation of the Newly Developed Inactivated Oil-emulsion FAdV-4 Vaccine. Viruses 2019, 11, 627. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11070627
Meng K, Yuan X, Yu J, Zhang Y, Ai W, Wang Y. Identification, Pathogenicity of Novel Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SDJN0105 in Shandong, China and Immunoprotective Evaluation of the Newly Developed Inactivated Oil-emulsion FAdV-4 Vaccine. Viruses. 2019; 11(7):627. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11070627
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeng, Kai, Xiaoyuan Yuan, Jiang Yu, Yuxia Zhang, Wu Ai, and Youling Wang. 2019. "Identification, Pathogenicity of Novel Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SDJN0105 in Shandong, China and Immunoprotective Evaluation of the Newly Developed Inactivated Oil-emulsion FAdV-4 Vaccine" Viruses 11, no. 7: 627. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11070627
APA StyleMeng, K., Yuan, X., Yu, J., Zhang, Y., Ai, W., & Wang, Y. (2019). Identification, Pathogenicity of Novel Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SDJN0105 in Shandong, China and Immunoprotective Evaluation of the Newly Developed Inactivated Oil-emulsion FAdV-4 Vaccine. Viruses, 11(7), 627. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11070627