Proteogenomics Uncovers Critical Elements of Host Response in Bovine Soft Palate Epithelial Cells Following In Vitro Infection with Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus

Pfaff, Florian; Hägglund, Sara; Zoli, Martina; Blaise-Boisseau, Sandra; Laloy, Eve; Koethe, Susanne; Zühlke, Daniela; Riedel, Katharina; Zientara, Stephan; Bakkali-Kassimi, Labib; Valarcher, Jean-François; Höper, Dirk; Beer, Martin; Eschbaumer, Michael

doi:10.3390/v11010053

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Proteogenomics Uncovers Critical Elements of Host Response in Bovine Soft Palate Epithelial Cells Following In Vitro Infection with Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus

Florian Pfaff

Sara Hägglund

Martina Zoli

Sandra Blaise-Boisseau

³,

^3,4

⁵,

⁵,

³,

Labib Bakkali-Kassimi

³,

Jean-François Valarcher

Dirk Höper

Martin Beer

¹ and

Michael Eschbaumer

^1,*

Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald, Germany

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Host-pathogen interaction group, Division of Ruminant Medicine, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden

Laboratoire de Santé Animale de Maisons-Alfort, UMR 1161 virologie, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France

⁴

Biopôle EnvA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France

⁵

Institute of Microbiology, Department for Microbial Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Viruses 2019, 11(1), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010053

Received: 20 December 2018 / Revised: 8 January 2019 / Accepted: 11 January 2019 / Published: 12 January 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Virus Bioinformatics)

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Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most devastating disease of cloven-hoofed livestock, with a crippling economic burden in endemic areas and immense costs associated with outbreaks in free countries. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), a picornavirus, will spread rapidly in naïve populations, reaching morbidity rates of up to 100% in cattle. Even after recovery, over 50% of cattle remain subclinically infected and infectious virus can be recovered from the nasopharynx. The pathogen and host factors that contribute to FMDV persistence are currently not understood. Using for the first time primary bovine soft palate multilayers in combination with proteogenomics, we analyzed the transcriptional responses during acute and persistent FMDV infection. During the acute phase viral RNA and protein was detectable in large quantities and in response hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) were overexpressed, mediating antiviral activity and apoptosis. Although the number of pro-apoptotic ISGs and the extent of their regulation decreased during persistence, some ISGs with antiviral activity were still highly expressed at that stage. This indicates a long-lasting but ultimately ineffective stimulation of ISGs during FMDV persistence. Furthermore, downregulation of relevant genes suggests an interference with the extracellular matrix that may contribute to the skewed virus-host equilibrium in soft palate epithelial cells. View Full-Text

Keywords: foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV); bovine soft palate; nasopharynx; transcriptomics; proteomics; bioinformatics; virus-host interaction; innate immune system; interferon-stimulated genes (ISG)

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Pfaff, F.; Hägglund, S.; Zoli, M.; Blaise-Boisseau, S.; Laloy, E.; Koethe, S.; Zühlke, D.; Riedel, K.; Zientara, S.; Bakkali-Kassimi, L.; Valarcher, J.-F.; Höper, D.; Beer, M.; Eschbaumer, M. Proteogenomics Uncovers Critical Elements of Host Response in Bovine Soft Palate Epithelial Cells Following In Vitro Infection with Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus. Viruses 2019, 11, 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010053

AMA Style

Pfaff F, Hägglund S, Zoli M, Blaise-Boisseau S, Laloy E, Koethe S, Zühlke D, Riedel K, Zientara S, Bakkali-Kassimi L, Valarcher J-F, Höper D, Beer M, Eschbaumer M. Proteogenomics Uncovers Critical Elements of Host Response in Bovine Soft Palate Epithelial Cells Following In Vitro Infection with Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus. Viruses. 2019; 11(1):53. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010053

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pfaff, Florian, Sara Hägglund, Martina Zoli, Sandra Blaise-Boisseau, Eve Laloy, Susanne Koethe, Daniela Zühlke, Katharina Riedel, Stephan Zientara, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, Jean-François Valarcher, Dirk Höper, Martin Beer, and Michael Eschbaumer. 2019. "Proteogenomics Uncovers Critical Elements of Host Response in Bovine Soft Palate Epithelial Cells Following In Vitro Infection with Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus" Viruses 11, no. 1: 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010053

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