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Article

The PA Subunit of the Influenza Virus Polymerase Complex Affects Replication and Airborne Transmission of the H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus

by 1,2,†, 1,2,†, 1,2,†, 1, 1, 1, 1 and 1,*
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
2
Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Taishan Medical University, Taian 270016, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this paper.
Viruses 2019, 11(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010040
Received: 12 December 2018 / Revised: 2 January 2019 / Accepted: 4 January 2019 / Published: 9 January 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Avian Respiratory Viruses)
The polymerase acidic (PA) protein is the third subunit of the influenza A virus polymerase. In recent years, studies have shown that PA plays an important role in overcoming the host species barrier and host adaptation of the avian influenza virus (AIV). The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of the PA subunit on the replication and airborne transmission of the H9N2 subtype AIV. By reverse genetics, a reassortant rSD01-PA was derived from the H9N2 subtype AIV A/Chicken/Shandong/01/2008 (SD01) by introducing the PA gene from the pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus A/swine/Shandong/07/2011 (SD07). Specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and guinea pigs were selected as the animal models for replication and aerosol transmission studies. Results show that rSD01-PA lost the ability of airborne transmission among SPF chickens because of the single substitution of the PA gene. However, rSD01-PA could infect guinea pigs through direct contact, while the parental strain SD01 could not, even though the infection of rSD01-PA could not be achieved through aerosol. In summary, our results indicate that the protein encoded by the PA gene plays a key role in replication and airborne transmission of the H9N2 subtype AIV. View Full-Text
Keywords: H9N2 AIV; pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus; reassortment; replication; airborne transmission H9N2 AIV; pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus; reassortment; replication; airborne transmission
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MDPI and ACS Style

Hao, M.; Han, S.; Meng, D.; Li, R.; Lin, J.; Wang, M.; Zhou, T.; Chai, T. The PA Subunit of the Influenza Virus Polymerase Complex Affects Replication and Airborne Transmission of the H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus. Viruses 2019, 11, 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010040

AMA Style

Hao M, Han S, Meng D, Li R, Lin J, Wang M, Zhou T, Chai T. The PA Subunit of the Influenza Virus Polymerase Complex Affects Replication and Airborne Transmission of the H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus. Viruses. 2019; 11(1):40. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010040

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao, Mengchan, Shaojie Han, Dan Meng, Rong Li, Jing Lin, Meng Wang, Tong Zhou, and Tongjie Chai. 2019. "The PA Subunit of the Influenza Virus Polymerase Complex Affects Replication and Airborne Transmission of the H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus" Viruses 11, no. 1: 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11010040

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