A Novel Highly Divergent Strain of Cell Fusing Agent Virus (CFAV) in Mosquitoes from the Brazilian Amazon Region
by
Licia Natal Fernandes 1,*, Thaís De Moura Coletti 1, Fred Julio Costa Monteiro 2, Marlisson Octavio da Silva Rego 2, Edcelha Soares D’Athaide Ribeiro 2, Geovani De Oliveira Ribeiro 3, Robson Dos Santos Souza Marinho 4, Shirley Vasconcelos Komninakis 4,5, Steven S. Witkin 6,7, Xutao Deng 8,9, Eric Delwart 8,9, Ester Cerdeira Sabino 7,10, Élcio Leal 3,†
and Antonio Charlys da Costa 7,*,†
Licia Natal Fernandes 1,*, Thaís De Moura Coletti 1, Fred Julio Costa Monteiro 2, Marlisson Octavio da Silva Rego 2, Edcelha Soares D’Athaide Ribeiro 2, Geovani De Oliveira Ribeiro 3, Robson Dos Santos Souza Marinho 4, Shirley Vasconcelos Komninakis 4,5, Steven S. Witkin 6,7, Xutao Deng 8,9, Eric Delwart 8,9, Ester Cerdeira Sabino 7,10, Élcio Leal 3,† and Antonio Charlys da Costa 7,*,†
1
Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil
2
Laboratory of Vectors, Superintendence for the Health Survaillance of Amapá, Macapá, AP 68905-230, Brazil
3
Institute of Biologycal Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-000, Brazil
4
Laboratory of Retrovirology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil
5
Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, SP 09060-870, Brazil
6
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
7
Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil
8
Vitalant Research Institute, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118-4417, USA
9
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
10
Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors jointly supervised this work.
Viruses 2018, 10(12), 666; https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120666
Received: 23 October 2018 / Revised: 13 November 2018 / Accepted: 22 November 2018 / Published: 24 November 2018
Classical insect-specific flaviviruses (cISFs) have been widely detected in different countries in the last decades. Here, we characterize the near full-length genomes of two cISFs detected in mosquitoes collected in the city of Macapá, state of Amapá, Amazon region of Brazil. A total of 105 pools of female mosquitos were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis identified three strains of cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) and two of Culex flavivirus (CxFV). All sequences were obtained from pools of Culex sp., except for one sequence of CFAV detected in a pool of Aedes aegypti. Both CxFV strains are phylogenetically related to a strain isolated in 2012 in the Southeast region of Brazil. The CFAV strains are the first of this species to be identified in Brazil and one of them is highly divergent from other strains of CFAV that have been detected worldwide. In conclusion, CFAV and CxFV, circulate in mosquitoes in Brazil. One strain of CFAV is highly divergent from others previously described, suggesting that a novel strain of CFAV is present in this region.
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Keywords:
cell fusing agent virus; Culex flavivirus; flavivirus; Culex sp.; Aedes aegypti; mosquitoes; Amazon region
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MDPI and ACS Style
Natal Fernandes, L.; De Moura Coletti, T.; Julio Costa Monteiro, F.; Octavio da Silva Rego, M.; Soares D’Athaide Ribeiro, E.; De Oliveira Ribeiro, G.; Dos Santos Souza Marinho, R.; Vasconcelos Komninakis, S.; S. Witkin, S.; Deng, X.; Delwart, E.; Cerdeira Sabino, E.; Leal, É.; Charlys da Costa, A. A Novel Highly Divergent Strain of Cell Fusing Agent Virus (CFAV) in Mosquitoes from the Brazilian Amazon Region. Viruses 2018, 10, 666.
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