Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter

Mejía, Daniel; López, Héctor; Estrada, Leonel; Bouvier, Yann E.; Vaquero, Joaquín; Vazquez, Nimrod; Magaña, José

doi:10.3390/a19070534

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Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter

by

Daniel Mejía

¹

,

Héctor López

^1,*,

Leonel Estrada

^1,*

,

Yann E. Bouvier

²

,

Joaquín Vaquero

²

,

Nimrod Vazquez

¹

and

José Magaña

¹

Electronics Department, TecNM/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico

²

Higher School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, University of Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Algorithms 2026, 19(7), 534; https://doi.org/10.3390/a19070534

Submission received: 12 May 2026 / Revised: 28 June 2026 / Accepted: 29 June 2026 / Published: 1 July 2026

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Predictive Control Algorithms for Electric Drives)

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Abstract

This paper presents a Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) strategy for a modified single-phase 17-level Double Flying-Capacitor Multilevel (DFCM) converter. The proposed approach integrates current regulation, capacitor voltage balancing, switching frequency reduction, delay compensation, and FPGA-based real-time implementation within a unified predictive control framework. A multi-objective cost function exploits the converter’s redundant switching states to achieve accurate control while reducing computational burden. Additionally, the converter topology provides voltage-boosting capability without requiring an additional DC-DC stage. The proposed controller was validated through offline and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulations. Simulation results demonstrate robust operation, effective capacitor voltage balancing, and excellent current quality, achieving a THD of 0.7%.

Keywords: model predictive control; multilevel converters; capacitor voltage balancing; FPGA implementation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mejía, D.; López, H.; Estrada, L.; Bouvier, Y.E.; Vaquero, J.; Vazquez, N.; Magaña, J. Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter. Algorithms 2026, 19, 534. https://doi.org/10.3390/a19070534

AMA Style

Mejía D, López H, Estrada L, Bouvier YE, Vaquero J, Vazquez N, Magaña J. Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter. Algorithms. 2026; 19(7):534. https://doi.org/10.3390/a19070534

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mejía, Daniel, Héctor López, Leonel Estrada, Yann E. Bouvier, Joaquín Vaquero, Nimrod Vazquez, and José Magaña. 2026. "Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter" Algorithms 19, no. 7: 534. https://doi.org/10.3390/a19070534

APA Style

Mejía, D., López, H., Estrada, L., Bouvier, Y. E., Vaquero, J., Vazquez, N., & Magaña, J. (2026). Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter. Algorithms, 19(7), 534. https://doi.org/10.3390/a19070534

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Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of a Modified 17-Level Flying-Capacitor Converter

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