Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy

Cojocaru, Vasile Danut; Nocivin, Anna; Raducanu, Doina; Cojocaru, Claudia Ioana; Irimescu, Raluca Elena; Galbinasu, Mihai Bogdan

doi:10.3390/ma18235281

Open AccessArticle

Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy

by

Vasile Danut Cojocaru

¹

,

Anna Nocivin

^2,*

,

Doina Raducanu

¹,

Claudia Ioana Cojocaru

¹,

Raluca Elena Irimescu

¹ and

Mihai Bogdan Galbinasu

³

¹

Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Environmental Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania

²

Faculty of Mechanical, Industrial and Maritime Engineering, Ovidius University of Constanța, 900527 Constanța, Romania

³

Dental Medicine Faculty, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2025, 18(23), 5281; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235281

Submission received: 24 October 2025 / Revised: 20 November 2025 / Accepted: 21 November 2025 / Published: 23 November 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Performance and Microstructural Characterization of Light Alloys (3rd Edition))

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Abstract

A titanium-based alloy, with niobium, tantalum and zirconium as its main alloying elements, and a small amount of oxygen, was subjected to a thermo-mechanical processing program consisting of hot and cold rolling interspersed with different solution treatments applied above the β-transus temperature. The objective was to analyze the correlation between structure, processing methods and resulting mechanical properties in order to find an appropriate optimized processing path to obtain suitable mechanical characteristics for application in hard tissue implantology. By using microstructural analysis, such as X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, a series of microstructural features were analyzed. The enthalpy of mixing—ΔHmix—and the atom size difference parameter—δ—were determined, through which the β-solid solution stability was estimated. Tensile tests were performed, through which the main mechanical characteristics were determined: a yield strength (0.2%) and ultimate tensile strength of around 550 MPa and 650 MPa, respectively, with a low Young’s modulus of 56–58 GPa and an improved elongation to fracture value of 17–18%, associated with a good mechanical osteo-compatibility parameter.

Keywords: β-titanium alloys; XRD; SEM; tensile tests; mechanical properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cojocaru, V.D.; Nocivin, A.; Raducanu, D.; Cojocaru, C.I.; Irimescu, R.E.; Galbinasu, M.B. Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy. Materials 2025, 18, 5281. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235281

AMA Style

Cojocaru VD, Nocivin A, Raducanu D, Cojocaru CI, Irimescu RE, Galbinasu MB. Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy. Materials. 2025; 18(23):5281. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235281

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cojocaru, Vasile Danut, Anna Nocivin, Doina Raducanu, Claudia Ioana Cojocaru, Raluca Elena Irimescu, and Mihai Bogdan Galbinasu. 2025. "Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy" Materials 18, no. 23: 5281. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235281

APA Style

Cojocaru, V. D., Nocivin, A., Raducanu, D., Cojocaru, C. I., Irimescu, R. E., & Galbinasu, M. B. (2025). Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy. Materials, 18(23), 5281. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235281

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Finding Optimal Thermo-Mechanical Processing for a TNTZ-O Beta-Titanium Alloy

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