This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Open AccessArticle
Investigation of the Effects of Laser Welding Process Parameters on Weld Forming Quality Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Image Processing
by
Yuewei Ai
Yuewei Ai
Dr. Yuewei Ai is an associate professor of Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track and School of [...]
Dr. Yuewei Ai is an associate professor of Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track and School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, China. He has published over 30 refereed papers in related popular and prestigious journals in laser processing of materials. His research interests include laser welding and additive manufacturing, multi-phase flow modeling and simulation, and intelligent laser welding.
1,2,*,
Ning Sun
Ning Sun 1,2,
Shibo Han
Shibo Han 1,2,
Yang Zhang
Yang Zhang 1,2 and
Chang Lei
Chang Lei 1,2
1
School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
2
Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2025, 18(15), 3627; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18153627 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 27 August 2024
/
Revised: 27 June 2025
/
Accepted: 8 July 2025
/
Published: 1 August 2025
Abstract
Image processing has been widely adopted as an effective technology for analyzing weld forming quality which is greatly affected by the welding process parameters. In this paper, an L25(53) orthogonal experiment is designed to investigate the effects of welding process parameters on the weld forming quality in laser welding of aluminum alloy. The weld characteristics including the weld width (WW), weld penetration (PD), weld area (WA) and weld porosity (WP) under the conditions of the different welding process parameters consisting of the laser power (LP), welding speed (WS) and defocus distance (DD) are extracted from the laser welding experiment based on image processing. The effectiveness of the weld characteristics extraction method is verified by comparing the extracted results with the measured results. It is found that the WW, PD and WA are all significantly influenced by the LP among the three welding process parameters while the influences of the three process parameters on the WP are insignificant. The DD has a significant influence on the PD and the WS has a significant influence on the WA. The corresponding significance of influence is lower than the significance of influence of LP. The analysis results are conducive to the optimization of laser welding process parameters and improvement of welding quality.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Ai, Y.; Sun, N.; Han, S.; Zhang, Y.; Lei, C.
Investigation of the Effects of Laser Welding Process Parameters on Weld Forming Quality Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Image Processing. Materials 2025, 18, 3627.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18153627
AMA Style
Ai Y, Sun N, Han S, Zhang Y, Lei C.
Investigation of the Effects of Laser Welding Process Parameters on Weld Forming Quality Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Image Processing. Materials. 2025; 18(15):3627.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18153627
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ai, Yuewei, Ning Sun, Shibo Han, Yang Zhang, and Chang Lei.
2025. "Investigation of the Effects of Laser Welding Process Parameters on Weld Forming Quality Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Image Processing" Materials 18, no. 15: 3627.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18153627
APA Style
Ai, Y., Sun, N., Han, S., Zhang, Y., & Lei, C.
(2025). Investigation of the Effects of Laser Welding Process Parameters on Weld Forming Quality Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Image Processing. Materials, 18(15), 3627.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18153627
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details
here.
Article Metrics
Article Access Statistics
For more information on the journal statistics, click
here.
Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.