Geochemical Modeling of Heavy Metal Removal from Acid Mine Drainage in an Ethanol-Supplemented Sulfate-Reducing Column Test
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sulfate-Reducing Column Test
2.2. Sampling and Solution Analysis
2.3. Geochemical Modeling by PHREEQC
2.4. XAFS Analysis of SRB Column-Packing Residue
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Time-Dependent Performance of Sulfate-Reducing Column
3.2. Mechanism Discussion on Sulfate-Reducing Column Based on Geochemical Modeling and XAFS Analysis
3.2.1. Kinetic Equations Incorporated into the Geochemical Modeling
3.2.2. Comparison between the Geochemical Modeling and Experimental Observations
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Neutralized AMD (Influent Water) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Average | Max | Min | |
pH | 7.21 | 7.28 | 7.12 |
DO (mg/L) | 9.17 | 9.50 | 8.72 |
SO42− (mg/L) | 291 | 300 | 279 |
TIC (mg-HCO3−/L) | 32.7 | 38.5 | 29.7 |
Zn (mg/L) | 15.8 | 17.9 | 14.7 |
Cu (mg/L) | 0.606 | 0.741 | 0.463 |
Cd (mg/L) | 0.0533 | 0.0570 | 0.0510 |
Ca (mg/L) | 64.8 | 68.2 | 61.2 |
Si (mg/L) | 24.3 | 26.8 | 22.2 |
Fe (mg/L) | 0.0302 | 0.0700 | 0.00690 |
Al (mg/L) | 0.0808 | 0.144 | 0.0150 |
Depth (m) | Zn K-Edge | Cu K-Edge | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fraction (%) | R-Factor | Fraction (%) | R-Factor | |||||
ZnS | ZnSO4 | ZnCO3 | CuS | CuSO4 | CuCO3 | |||
0 | 19.0 | 0.79 | 81.7 | 0.0023 | 15.5 | 0.00 | 84.5 | 0.0108 |
0–0.1 | 22.6 | 34.4 | 43.9 | 0.0010 | 23.6 | 4.73 | 71.7 | 0.0038 |
0.1–0.2 | 1.82 | 97.2 | 0.00 | 0.0063 | 16.3 | 20.6 | 63.1 | 0.0032 |
0.2–0.4 | 3.18 | 90.7 | 3.75 | 0.0031 | 25.1 | 41.9 | 33.0 | 0.0023 |
0.4–0.6 | 81.4 | 17.0 | 1.79 | 0.0036 | 81.9 | 18.1 | 0.00 | 0.0019 |
0.6–0.8 | 61.3 | 30.4 | 13.4 | 0.0046 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
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Oyama, K.; Hayashi, K.; Masaki, Y.; Hamai, T.; Fuchida, S.; Takaya, Y.; Tokoro, C. Geochemical Modeling of Heavy Metal Removal from Acid Mine Drainage in an Ethanol-Supplemented Sulfate-Reducing Column Test. Materials 2023, 16, 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16030928
Oyama K, Hayashi K, Masaki Y, Hamai T, Fuchida S, Takaya Y, Tokoro C. Geochemical Modeling of Heavy Metal Removal from Acid Mine Drainage in an Ethanol-Supplemented Sulfate-Reducing Column Test. Materials. 2023; 16(3):928. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16030928
Chicago/Turabian StyleOyama, Keishi, Kentaro Hayashi, Yusei Masaki, Takaya Hamai, Shigeshi Fuchida, Yutaro Takaya, and Chiharu Tokoro. 2023. "Geochemical Modeling of Heavy Metal Removal from Acid Mine Drainage in an Ethanol-Supplemented Sulfate-Reducing Column Test" Materials 16, no. 3: 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16030928