Properties of Gangue Powder Modified Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Specimens
2.3. Test Procedure
3. Results and Analyses
3.1. Setting Time
3.2. Fluidity
3.3. Porosity
3.4. Water Absorption
3.5. Compressive Strength
3.6. Flexural Strength
3.7. Drying Shrinkage of Geopolymer Specimens
3.8. XRD Analysis
3.9. FTIR Analysis
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The setting time of GPFAG can be improved by adding GP; it significantly decreases with increasing GP content. Influenced by the liquid–solid ratio, the addition of 50% GP (i.e., GPFAG50) reduces the fluidity, porosity, and water absorption rates by 29.8%, 1.8%, and 1.2%, respectively, compared with those of GPFAG0.
- (2)
- The incorporation of GP improves the mechanical properties of GPFAG, and strength increases with the GP content. The 28-d flexural and compressive strengths of GPFAG with 10–50% (at 10% intervals) GP content compared with those of GPFAG0 increase by 136.8% and 246.4%, respectively.
- (3)
- Based on the drying shrinkage results, the addition of GP induces an increase in the drying shrinkage of FAG due to a simultaneous increase in water demand and water loss within the matrix under drying conditions.
- (4)
- The XRD and FTIR analyses show that the incorporation of GP reduces the amount of unreacted quartz phase inside the matrix. The addition of GP substantially enhances the depolymerization–condensation reaction inside the matrix. Moreover, GP doping generates a considerable amount of amorphous silica–aluminate gels, which contain substantial amounts of Si-O-Si, Si-O-Al and chemically bound water. This contributes to the formation of a dense, continuous, three-dimensional network structure, which enhances the strength of GPFAG.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Materials | Al2O3 | SiO2 | Fe2O3 | CaO | Na2O | K2O | SO3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FA | 26.38 | 47.85 | 8.43 | 5.81 | 1.11 | 2.22 | 1.94 |
GP | 25.1 | 58.5 | 5.81 | 4.25 | 0.551 | 2.56 | 0.445 |
Code | FA | GP | Sand | Alkali Exciter | Water | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Na2SiO3 | NaOH | |||||
GPFAG0 | 480 | 0 | 1320 | 164.24 | 27.76 | 119.9 |
GPFAG10 | 432 | 48 | ||||
GPFAG20 | 384 | 96 | ||||
GPFAG30 | 336 | 144 | ||||
GPFAG40 | 288 | 192 | ||||
GPFAG50 | 240 | 240 |
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Zhang, T.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, D.; Yang, Q. Properties of Gangue Powder Modified Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer. Materials 2023, 16, 5719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165719
Zhang T, Yang Z, Zhang D, Yang Q. Properties of Gangue Powder Modified Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer. Materials. 2023; 16(16):5719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165719
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Tianhao, Zhenghui Yang, Dongsheng Zhang, and Qiuning Yang. 2023. "Properties of Gangue Powder Modified Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer" Materials 16, no. 16: 5719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165719