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10.3390/ma15082822
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Article

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications Using Powder Metallurgy

by
Sadaqat Ali
1,*,
Muhammad Irfan
2,
Usama Muhammad Niazi
3,*,
Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani
4,
Ahmad Rashedi
5,
Saifur Rahman
2,
Muhammad Kamal Asif Khan
6,
Mabkhoot A. Alsaiari
7,
Stanislaw Legutko
8,
Jana Petrů
9 and
Antonin Trefil
9
1
School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
2
Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
3
Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, National Skills University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
4
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar 31750, Malaysia
5
School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
6
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
7
Empty Quarter Research Unit, Chemistry Department, College of Science and Art at Sharurah, Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
8
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
9
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2022, 15(8), 2822; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082822
Submission received: 22 December 2021 / Revised: 26 March 2022 / Accepted: 28 March 2022 / Published: 12 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Manufacturing Processes and Systems)
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Abstract

AISI 316L stainless steel (SS) is one of the extensively used biomaterials to produce implants and medical devices. It provides a low-cost solution with ample mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility compared to its counterpart materials. However, the implants made of this material are subjected to a short life span in human physiological conditions leading to the leaching of metal ions, thus limiting its use as a biomaterial. In this research, the addition of boron, titanium, and niobium with varying concentrations in the SS matrix has been explored. This paper explores the impact of material composition on modified SS alloy’s physical and mechanical properties. The study’s outcomes specify that the microhardness increases for all the alloy compositions, with a maximum increase of 64.68% for the 2 wt.% niobium added SS alloy. On the other hand, the tensile strength decreased to 297.40 MPa for the alloy containing 0.25 wt.% boron and 2 wt.% titanium additions compared to a tensile strength of 572.50 MPa for pure SS. The compression strength increased from 776 MPa for pure SS to 1408 MPa for the alloy containing niobium and titanium additions in equal concentrations.
Keywords: AISI 316L stainless steel; mechanical properties; microhardness; tensile strength; compressive strength AISI 316L stainless steel; mechanical properties; microhardness; tensile strength; compressive strength

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ali, S.; Irfan, M.; Niazi, U.M.; Rani, A.M.A.; Rashedi, A.; Rahman, S.; Khan, M.K.A.; Alsaiari, M.A.; Legutko, S.; Petrů, J.; et al. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications Using Powder Metallurgy. Materials 2022, 15, 2822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082822

AMA Style

Ali S, Irfan M, Niazi UM, Rani AMA, Rashedi A, Rahman S, Khan MKA, Alsaiari MA, Legutko S, Petrů J, et al. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications Using Powder Metallurgy. Materials. 2022; 15(8):2822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082822

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali, Sadaqat, Muhammad Irfan, Usama Muhammad Niazi, Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani, Ahmad Rashedi, Saifur Rahman, Muhammad Kamal Asif Khan, Mabkhoot A. Alsaiari, Stanislaw Legutko, Jana Petrů, and et al. 2022. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications Using Powder Metallurgy" Materials 15, no. 8: 2822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082822

APA Style

Ali, S., Irfan, M., Niazi, U. M., Rani, A. M. A., Rashedi, A., Rahman, S., Khan, M. K. A., Alsaiari, M. A., Legutko, S., Petrů, J., & Trefil, A. (2022). Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications Using Powder Metallurgy. Materials, 15(8), 2822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082822

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