Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions

Szabelski, Jakub; Karpiński, Robert; Jonak, Józef; Frigione, Mariaenrica

doi:10.3390/ma15217765

Open AccessArticle

Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions

¹

Department of Computerisation and Production Robotisation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lubli University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

²

Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy

³

Department of Machine Design and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2022, 15(21), 7765; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217765

Submission received: 3 October 2022 / Revised: 29 October 2022 / Accepted: 31 October 2022 / Published: 3 November 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Properties and Application of Adhesive Materials)

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Abstract

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of adhesive joint strength with consideration of the inaccuracy of the hardener dosage, in the context of evaluating the degradation of joints when used either at ambient or elevated temperatures. The butt joint strength characteristics were assessed for two types of adhesives—rigid and flexible—and two curing scenarios—with and without heat curing. An excess hardener was shown to be significantly more unfavourable than its deficiency, which can ultimately be considered as a recommendation for forming epoxy adhesive joint assemblies. In order to fully understand the relationship between the analysed mechanical properties of the material and the influence of component ratio excesses and heating, a process of fitting basic mathematical models to the obtained experimental data was also performed.

Keywords: epoxy adhesives; adhesive joint; degradation; heat curing; thermal stability; resin hardener mix ratio; mathematical modelling

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MDPI and ACS Style

Szabelski, J.; Karpiński, R.; Jonak, J.; Frigione, M. Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions. Materials 2022, 15, 7765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217765

AMA Style

Szabelski J, Karpiński R, Jonak J, Frigione M. Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions. Materials. 2022; 15(21):7765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217765

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szabelski, Jakub, Robert Karpiński, Józef Jonak, and Mariaenrica Frigione. 2022. "Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions" Materials 15, no. 21: 7765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217765

APA Style

Szabelski, J., Karpiński, R., Jonak, J., & Frigione, M. (2022). Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions. Materials, 15(21), 7765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217765

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Adhesive Joint Degradation Due to Hardener-to-Epoxy Ratio Inaccuracy under Varying Curing and Thermal Operating Conditions

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