Energy Efficiency Enhancement of Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch: Computational Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Torch Geometry and Operating Conditions
3. Model Description
3.1. Basic Model Assumptions
- (i).
- The plasma system is modeled by a two-dimensional axisymmetric configuration, and the outer inductor is represented by a series of parallel conductive rings infinitely thin. The significant voltage that appears in windings, acting as an axial electric field inducing a dielectric barrier discharge type, can be avoided when placing the torch vertically rather than horizontally.
- (ii).
- The flow of working fluid is at a steady state, compressible, with a small Mach number (Ma < 0.3).
- (iii).
- During torch operation, we consider moderate mass flow rates with a low Reynolds number (Re 500) and laminar flow.
- (iv).
- The plasma is in a state of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE).
- (v).
- Optically thin plasma, so radiation reabsorption is negligible.
- (vi).
- Plasma displacement current can be ignored as it is relatively small compared to conductive current.
- (vii).
- The heat generated by viscous dissipation is neglected in the energy equation.
- (viii).
- Ohmic heating is responsible for volumetric power input.
3.2. Governing Equations and Boundary Conditions
3.3. Thermodynamic and Transport Properties
3.4. Calculation Conditions
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Comparison of Numerical and Experimental Plasma Characteristics
4.2. Analysis of Temperature and Velocity Flow Distributions in ICP Torch
4.3. Variation of Plasma Parameters
4.3.1. Effect of RF Power
4.3.2. Influence of Sheath Gas Flow Rate
4.3.3. Nobel Sheath Gas Composition Effect on the Plasma Torch
4.3.4. Effect of Swirl Flow
4.4. Effect of Geometry Torch
4.4.1. Variation of Coil Spacing
4.4.2. Effect of Turns Coil Number Variation
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dimensions | Value |
---|---|
Nozzle radius r1 | 3.7 mm |
Nozzle radius r2 | 18.8 mm |
Inner torch wall radius rw | 25 mm |
Thickness inner tube d | 2 mm |
Radius to center coil rc | 33 mm |
Axial position of lower coil z1 | 63 mm |
Coil length zc | 58 mm |
Reactor length z3 | 200 mm |
Wall thickness δw | 3.5 mm |
Voltage waveform | Sinusoidal |
Gas | Argon |
Coil turn number N | 3.0 turns |
Ambient temperature T | 300.0 K |
Coil excitation power P | 15.0 kW |
Coil frequency f | 3 MHz |
Operational pressure p | 1.0 atm |
Injected flow rate Q1, Q2, Q3 | 1.0, 3.0, 21.0 lpm |
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Elaissi, S.; Trabelsi, A.B.G.; Alkallas, F.H.; Alrebdi, T.A.; Charrada, K. Energy Efficiency Enhancement of Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch: Computational Study. Materials 2022, 15, 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155213
Elaissi S, Trabelsi ABG, Alkallas FH, Alrebdi TA, Charrada K. Energy Efficiency Enhancement of Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch: Computational Study. Materials. 2022; 15(15):5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155213
Chicago/Turabian StyleElaissi, Samira, Amira Ben Gouider Trabelsi, Fatemah H. Alkallas, Tahani A. Alrebdi, and Kamel Charrada. 2022. "Energy Efficiency Enhancement of Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch: Computational Study" Materials 15, no. 15: 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155213