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10.3390/ma15134480
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Article

Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of the Sand–Concrete Pile Interface Considering Roughness and Relative Density

by
Chen Chen
1,
Qi Yang
1,2,*,
Wuming Leng
1,2,
Junli Dong
1,2,
Fang Xu
1,3,
Limin Wei
1,2 and
Bo Ruan
1,3
1
School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
2
MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structure of Heavy Haul Railway, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
3
Huan Tieyuan Civil Engineering Testing Co., Ltd., Changsha 410075, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2022, 15(13), 4480; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134480
Submission received: 26 May 2022 / Revised: 20 June 2022 / Accepted: 21 June 2022 / Published: 25 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Construction and Building Materials)
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of roughness and relative density on the mechanical properties of sand–concrete pile interface. A series of direct shear tests were carried out on the interface using a large-scale direct shear apparatus with various relative densities of sand (73%, 47%, and 23%) and concrete blocks with four roughness values (I = 0, 10, 20, and 30 mm). Various mechanical properties (such as shear stress, volume change, peak shear strength, secant friction angle, and normalized friction coefficient) from the interface tests were compared with trends obtained from the pure sand direct shear test. For the smooth interface, the shear stress–horizontal displacement curves of the dense sand specimen exhibited a slight softening response, which became more apparent as the roughness increased. The curves of the loose sand specimen demonstrated a hardening response. The volumetric response was influenced by the combination of normal stress, relative density, and roughness. The peak shear strength demonstrated a nonlinear increasing trend as the normal stress increased. With an increase in the normal stress, the secant friction angle and peak friction coefficient decreased as exponential and power functions, respectively. Additionally, a critical roughness value Icr resulted from the tests, which halted the upward trend of the peak friction coefficient and normalized the secant friction angle when I exceeded Icr.
Keywords: interface direct shear test; sand–concrete pile interface; roughness; relative density; mechanical properties interface direct shear test; sand–concrete pile interface; roughness; relative density; mechanical properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, C.; Yang, Q.; Leng, W.; Dong, J.; Xu, F.; Wei, L.; Ruan, B. Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of the Sand–Concrete Pile Interface Considering Roughness and Relative Density. Materials 2022, 15, 4480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134480

AMA Style

Chen C, Yang Q, Leng W, Dong J, Xu F, Wei L, Ruan B. Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of the Sand–Concrete Pile Interface Considering Roughness and Relative Density. Materials. 2022; 15(13):4480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134480

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Chen, Qi Yang, Wuming Leng, Junli Dong, Fang Xu, Limin Wei, and Bo Ruan. 2022. "Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of the Sand–Concrete Pile Interface Considering Roughness and Relative Density" Materials 15, no. 13: 4480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134480

APA Style

Chen, C., Yang, Q., Leng, W., Dong, J., Xu, F., Wei, L., & Ruan, B. (2022). Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of the Sand–Concrete Pile Interface Considering Roughness and Relative Density. Materials, 15(13), 4480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134480

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