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Materials
Volume 14
Issue 6
10.3390/ma14061416
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Article

Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing

by
Nur Aisyah Miza Ahmad Tamizi
1,2,
Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim
1,2,*,
Abdellah El-hadj Abdellah
3,
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
2,4,
Marcin Nabiałek
5,
Jerzy J. Wysłocki
5,
Bartłomiej Jeż
5,
Paweł Palutkiewicz
6,
Rozyanty Abdul Rahman
2,4,
Mohd Nasir Mat Saad
1,2 and
Mohd Fathullah Ghazli
1,2
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Pauh Putra Main Campus, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
2
Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia
3
Laboratory of Mechanics, Physics and Mathematical Modelling (LMP2M), University of Medea, Medea 26000, Algeria
4
Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Pauh Putra Main Campus, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
5
Department of Physics, Faculty of Processing Engineering and Materials Technology, Częstochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
6
Department of Polymer Processing, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Częstochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Gabriele Milani
Materials 2021, 14(6), 1416; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14061416
Received: 3 February 2021 / Revised: 3 March 2021 / Accepted: 8 March 2021 / Published: 15 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Amorphous Materials and Nanomaterials)
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Abstract

Many studies have been done using recycled waste materials to minimise environmental problems. It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing parameters were considered to mould the front panel housing part using R0% (virgin), R30% (30% virgin: 70% recycled), R40% (40% virgin: 60% recycled) and R50% (50% virgin: 50% recycled) of Polycarbonate (PC). The manufacturing ability and quality during preliminary stage can be predicted through simulation analysis using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2012 software. The recommended processing parameters and values of warpage in x and y directions can also be obtained using this software. No value of warpage was obtained from simulation studies for x direction on the front panel housing. Therefore, this study only focused on reducing the warpage in the y direction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation methods were used to find the optimal processing parameters. As the results, the optimal ratio of recycled PC material was found to be R30%, followed by R40% and R50% materials using RSM and GA methods as compared to the average value of warpage on the moulded part using R0%. The most influential processing parameter that contributed to warpage defect was packing pressure for all materials used in this study. View Full-Text
Keywords: injection moulding process; response surface methodology; genetic algorithms; warpage; recycle material injection moulding process; response surface methodology; genetic algorithms; warpage; recycle material
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Tamizi, N.A.M.A.; Rahim, S.Z.A.; Abdellah, A.E.-h.; Abdullah, M.M.A.B.; Nabiałek, M.; Wysłocki, J.J.; Jeż, B.; Palutkiewicz, P.; Rahman, R.A.; Saad, M.N.M.; Ghazli, M.F. Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing. Materials 2021, 14, 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14061416

AMA Style

Tamizi NAMA, Rahim SZA, Abdellah AE-h, Abdullah MMAB, Nabiałek M, Wysłocki JJ, Jeż B, Palutkiewicz P, Rahman RA, Saad MNM, Ghazli MF. Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing. Materials. 2021; 14(6):1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14061416

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tamizi, Nur A.M.A., Shayfull Z.A. Rahim, Abdellah E.-h. Abdellah, Mohd M.A.B. Abdullah, Marcin Nabiałek, Jerzy J. Wysłocki, Bartłomiej Jeż, Paweł Palutkiewicz, Rozyanty A. Rahman, Mohd N.M. Saad, and Mohd F. Ghazli. 2021. "Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing" Materials 14, no. 6: 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14061416

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